The invention provides a field end sensing guide type autonomous battery swapping
station system and an autonomous battery swapping method. A battery swapping
station performs environment modeling on a related area in the battery swapping
station by controlling the angle of a holder and acquiring and receiving
laser radar data and camera data, performs
license plate recognition on a vehicle, and performs modeling and positioning on the vehicle in control; other obstacles in the environment are detected; automatically generating a map according to the environment model, and performing queuing and scheduling control on vehicles in the battery swap station by using the map; during environment modeling, the holder is controlled to perform global scanning, and during parking control, the holder is controlled to enable the
laser radar and the camera to keep following a controlled vehicle; generating a track of the controlled vehicle from the position of the controlled vehicle to the
parking space or the battery replacement area, and obtaining a parking control instruction; and the vehicle receives the parking control instruction of the battery swap station for remote execution, and feeds back the state of the vehicle, so that the labor cost and the
time cost are reduced, and an efficient and low-price field end sensing and control scheme is realized.