214results about How to "Prevent durability" patented technology

To provide a fuel cell system that can both improve power generation efficiency of a fuel cell and maintain durability of the fuel cell. A fuel cell system performs control such that when a power requirement for the fuel cell is lower than a predetermined value, a supply of a reaction gas to a fuel cell is stopped to keep an output voltage from the fuel cell equal to a high-potential avoidance voltage that is lower than an open end voltage. The fuel cell system further controls the output voltage from the fuel cell with the high-potential avoidance voltage set to be an upper limit when the power requirement for the fuel cell is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. By setting the upper limit of the output voltage of the fuel cell to be the high-potential avoidance voltage, which is lower than the open end voltage, the catalyst can be inhibited from being degraded by an increase in the output voltage from the fuel cell up to the open end voltage.

Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, a pressure-sensitive adhesive film, and an organic electronic device. The exemplary pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may provide an encapsulating layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive film and the organic electronic device, which exhibits excellent moisture blocking property, transparency, durability and reliability at a high temperature and high humidity, step difference compensating property and adhesive strength.

The invention relates to a corrugated steel webplate combined box girder floor system for a cable-stayed bridge and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bridge structures. The corrugated steel webplate combined box girder floor system comprises a precast concrete plank and a cast-in-place concrete seam, wherein the precast concrete plank is positioned on a steel box girder and is integrated with the steel box girder into a whole; the steel box girder is formed by welding a top flange steel plate, a corrugated steel webplate and a steel plate at the bottom of the box girder; a box girder baseplate stiffening rib and a diaphragm plate are welded in the steel box girder; the diaphragm plate comprises a top flange steel plate of the diaphragm plate and a steel webplate of the diaphragm plate; a toggle pin connecting piece is welded on the top flange steel plate and the top flange steel plate of the diaphragm plate; and a steel anchor pulling plate and a steel sleeve are welded on the top flange steel plate. The corrugated steel webplate combined box girder floor system simplifies the manufacturing process for the precast concrete plank, gives full play to the superior mechanical property of the corrugated steel webplate and the release action of the corrugated steel webplate on the creep effect of concrete shrinkage, improves the bearing capacity, stiffness and crack resistance of the structure, and improves the durability of the structure.

The present invention relates to a hot water supply system that heats low-temperature water flowing into an inlet at a high temperature by using a heating device and supplies the high-temperature water through an outlet. The hot water supply system according to the present invention includes a heat exchanger that transmits heat of the heating device to the inflow water so as to supply the inflow water at a user set temperature; a flow sensor that measures a flow rate of the water flowing into the hot water supply system; a water tank that stores water discharged from the heat exchanger, a temperature sensor that is installed at a predetermined position on a pipe through which the water flows; and a controller that has an input unit to allow a user to input desired conditions, wherein the controller controls the operation of the heating device by comparing the user set temperature with a temperature measured by the temperature sensor and controls the operation of the heating device depending on variation in the flow rate measured by the flow sensor.

The present application relates to an encapsulating film, an electronic device and a method of manufacturing the same. In the present application, an encapsulating film having excellent moisture blocking property, handleability, workability and durability and a structure including a diode encapsulated with the encapsulating film may be provided.

A control apparatus used in a control system in which the cycle time of a time proportioning signal is long, for example, a temperature control system using a cooler. Even if a manipulation value MV with respect to the cooler is drastically changed along with change of a control target value SP, the activation timing of a time proportioning output section is reset with the changing timing, so that a time proportioning signal Ton is newly generated. Alternatively, with the changing timing, the time proportioning output section is reactivated to generate the deficiency of the time proportioning signal Ton according to an increasing amount of the manipulation value MV. As a result, the time proportioning signal Ton is changed with an excellent follow-up ability.

A sample injection apparatus and sample injection method capable of sufficiently reducing carry-over, having simple cleaning means for a short cleaning time period, a small influence of vibration of the cleaning means, and a small error in the amount of injected sample and preventing the durability of a sampling needle from being lowered, and a liquid chromatography apparatus having the sample injection apparatus are provided. The sample injection apparatus has a sampling vessel 14 into which a sample is supplied, a sampling needle 10 for aspirating and ejecting the sample, a cleaning part 17 into which a cleaning liquid for cleaning at least the sampling needle 10 is supplied, a sample injection part 15 for injecting the sample ejected from the sampling needle 10 into a moving liquid, and needle transfer means for transferring the sampling needle 10 among the sampling vessel 4, the cleaning part 17 and the sample injection part 15, wherein the cleaning part 17 has an ultrasonic vibrator for generating an ultrasonic wave in the cleaning liquid.

Provided is a transfer film for in-mold molding which is superior in solvent resistance, heat resistance, durability, blocking resistance, and moldability, and is capable of suppressing the generation of gate flow, and also provided is a method for producing such a film. The film is provided with: a transfer layer (11) which is to be transferred to an in-mold molded body and which is to be cured when irradiated with active energy rays after the transfer; and a film shaped substrate (L0). The transfer layer (11) comprises an IMD layer (L2) laminated on the substrate (L0) and to be arranged on the outermost surface of the molded body after the in-mold molding. The TMD layer (L2) is constituted by a mixture composition containing at least one active-energy curable resin and at least one thermosetting resin.

The invention discloses a method of preparing baking-free load-bearing bricks through steam curing of semidry desulfurization residues, belonging to the technical fields of environmental engineering and preparation of construction material. According to the invention, a gelling agent is prepared from semidry desulfurization slag and multi-component powder and is uniformly mixed with inert sandy aggregate in a mixer, water accounting for 10 to 46% of the mass of solid powder is added and uniformly mixed with the solid powder, an obtained mixture undergoes pressure forming and demolding so as to obtain green bricks, and the green bricks are subjected to steam curing at a temperature of 40 to 90 DEG C for 1 to 7 d so as to obtain baking-free bricks with sufficient strength; the baking-free bricks can meet different strength requirements for load-bearing bricks of a model number in a range of MU10 to MU30, have excellent water resistance and can be used as exterior wall tiles. According to the invention, the problem that comprehensive utilization of semidry desulfurization gypsum is not easy due to complex composition of the semidry desulfurization gypsum is overcome; effective usage of solid waste in production of the baking-free bricks which cost less than conventional sintered clay bricks do has great significance to energy conservation and environmental protection.

When a non-volatile memory write error occurs in a card storage device containing a non-volatile memory and an error correction circuit, write data is read from the non-volatile memory and a check is made if the error can be corrected by the error correction circuit. If the error can be corrected, the write operation is ended. If the error correction circuit cannot correct the error, substitute processing is performed to write data into some other area.

The invention discloses a locally uncombined suspension bridge steel-concrete combined bridge deck system and a construction method of the combined bridge deck system, and belongs to the technical field of bridge structures. The bridge deck system consists of concrete slabs, longitudinal steel beams, cross steel beams, air nozzles and toggle pin connectors; and a suspension bridge section steel-concrete combined bridge deck system is prefabricated in a factory. The prefabricated concrete slabs and section steel main beams form a whole through concrete wet joints and the toggle pin connectors. The prefabricated concrete slabs and cast-in-place concrete joints are only connected with the cross steel beams to form a whole through the toggle pin connectors, the longitudinal steel beams are not provided with the toggle pin connectors, and meanwhile, the toggle pin connectors are not arranged in a certain area of the ends of the cross steel beams at hoisting points. The problems of cracking, complex structures of toothed grooves at the slab ends of the prefabricated concrete slabs and the like due to the factors of temperature, contraction, creep and the like of the concrete slabs of the traditional suspension bridge combined bridge deck system are solved by adopting a locally uncombined technology on the premise of keeping the consumption of steel, the manufacturing process of the prefabricated slabs is simplified, the bearing capacity, the rigidity and the cracking resistance of the structure are improved, and the durability of the structure is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of retaining walls of soil filling slopes, and discloses a semi-assembly type retaining wall of a soil filling slope. The semi-assembly type retaining wall of the soil filling slope comprises a plurality of reinforced concrete piles, pile top tie beams and upright columns, wherein the pile top tie beams are arranged at the upper ends of the reinforced concrete piles; intercolumnar tie beams are arranged in the middles of the upright columns; an intercolumnar gap is formed between each two adjacent upright columns; a balancing beam is arranged on the back side of each upright column; an inter-beam gap is formed between each two adjacent balancing beams; a retaining vertical plate is inserted in each intercolumnar gap; and a balancing flat plate is paved in each inter-beam gap. The retaining wall is provided with the reinforced concrete piles, and is well-adapted to geological conditions; balancing beam and slab structures are arranged on the back sides of the upright columns, so that the stress of the whole retaining wall is reasonable, the construction cost for the retaining wall is saved, and the applicable height of the retaining wall is increased; and moreover, the retaining wall has a semi-assembly structure, the curing period of pouring baffles is avoided, the construction speed is increased, and anchor cables are not required in the retaining wall, so that potential safety hazards caused by the reason that the anchor cables are easy to corrode and poor in durability are avoided.

A motor current (driving current of motor) is estimated based on a target motor speed, an actual motor speed, and an engine speed. When the estimated motor current exceeds the upper limit value equivalent to a heat generation limiting current, the motor current is restricted by restricting a variation (motor speed F / B amount) in target motor speed outputted to an EDU from an ECU. Thereby, the heat value of motor may not exceed the heat generation limit, and it can be prevented that the coil temperature of motor exceeds an allowable temperature range. A durability deterioration and failure of motor can be prevented.

A regeneration device that performs regeneration treatment of a particulate matter removing filter estimates a trapping amount of particulate matter trapped in the filter by two systems. Specifically, there are provided an estimating unit that estimates a first estimated trapping amount based upon a rotational speed of an engine and a fuel injection quantity and an estimating unit that estimates a second estimated trapping amount based upon a differential pressure across the particulate matter removing filter. The regeneration device determines whether or not the regeneration treatment is executed based upon whether or not at least one of the two estimated trapping amount is equal to or more than a preset trapping amount threshold value. Further, the regeneration device determines that there is a malfunction in the regeneration device in a case where the second estimated trapping amount is larger than the first estimated trapping amount.

A control apparatus for a fuel cell and a fuel cell vehicle is provided capable of controlling a fuel cell installed on a vehicle in an optimized condition. An ECU calculates a target generation current to be output by a current controller from the generation current of the fuel cell, based on a signal of an accelerator opening AC detected by the accelerator opening sensor and a signal of an atmospheric pressure detected by the atmospheric pressure sensor, and the target generation current is input into the current controller as the current command value. The current controller controls the generation current to be output from the fuel cell based on the current command value output from the ECU, that is, the generation command to the fuel cell.

A vehicle power transmission device includes: a first power transmission member including a cylindrical shaft end portion rotatably supported via a first bearing on an inner circumferential side of a non-rotating support wall; and a second power transmission member supported on the inside of the cylindrical shaft end portion via a second bearing radially overlapping with the first bearing by the cylindrical shaft end portion to be rotatable concentrically and relatively to the first power transmission member, the second power transmission member including a circular disc gear portion protruded to an outer circumferential side at a predetermined distance from the second bearing in a shaft center direction of the second power transmission member, at a portion facing the first bearing, the gear portion having an annular inner circumferential guide protruding portion for guiding to the first bearing a lubricant oil that passes through the second bearing for lubrication, that enters into a gap between the second bearing and the gear portion, and that travels to the outer circumferential side due to the centrifugal force.

The invention discloses an anti-bacterium antivirus guanidine salt star-shaped polymer, a preparation method and applications thereof, and the arm number, structure and molecular weight of the star-shaped polymer are controllable. The polymer is prepared by the following steps: adopting a core-first method, taking brominated beta-cyclodextrin as an initiator, guanidine salt oligomer containing carbon-carbon double bonds as the functional monomers, and then carrying out atom transfer radical polymerization so as to obtain the target product, wherein the structure and molecular weight of the polymer can be modulated according to the application needs. The polymer and the preparation method thereof improve the molecular weight of the polymer, achieve chain amplification effect, increase the density of effective functional groups having an anti-bacterium effect, effectively solve the problems of contamination on other products caused by leakage of anti-bacterium agents and nondurable anti-bacterium effect, and eliminate the potential dangers caused by leaked anti-bacterium agents on human health. Furthermore, the polymer has a prominent function, which other guanidine salt polymers do not have, of killing wild type viruses and bacteria such as gland virus, influenza virus, and the like.

A liquid discharge head comprises a substrate, on which are formed energy generating means for generating energy to be used for the discharge of a liquid through a discharge port, and a precious metal protective layer for protecting the energy generating means, an inorganic adhesive layer formed of at least one material selected from titanium, titanium nitride, tantalum nitride and chromium nitride, said inorganic adhesive layer being closely adhered to the precious metal protective layer, an organic adhesive layer made of an organic material, and a flow path formation member, serving as a wall of a flow path communicated with the discharge port. The substrate, the inorganic adhesive layer, the adhesive layer and the flow path formation member are bonded to the substrate in the this order.

A control device for an internal combustion engine for executing idling stop. The control device includes a threshold setting unit and an execution prohibition unit. The threshold unit sets a threshold of a charging rate of a battery and sets the threshold when the battery temperature is low smaller than that when the battery temperature is high. The threshold is used for determining whether execution of the idling stop is permitted. The execution prohibition unit prohibits execution of the idling stop when the charging rate of the battery is less than the threshold. The threshold is set by the threshold setting unit.

The present invention aims at achieving the object of keeping a contact housing portion liquid tight sealed and to improve the durability of a switch apparatus. A switch apparatus according tothe present embodiment includes: a switch case 3 including a contact housing portion 25 therein and a shaft hole 27; a rod 5 whose outer flange portion 33 is capable of axially abutting on and engaging with a periphery portion 121a of a detecting plate; a first return spring 37 biasing the rod 5 in the direction opposite to protruding direction; a fixed contact 9 in the switch case 3 and a movable contact 7 which can reciprocally move between a position touching the fixed contact 9 and a non-touching position; a diaphragm 11 separating the shaft hole 27 from the contact housing portion 25 and being formed of rubber; a movable base 39 supporting the movable contact 7 and abutting on the diaphragm 11; a second return spring 2 bringing the movable contact 7 into contact with the fixed contact 9; and a retention member 13 interposed between the diaphragm 11 and the rod 5, including an abutting portion 41 for abutting on the rod 5, and axially movably, but not rotatably supported with respect to the switch case 3.

A friction apply device, from among each pair of friction apply devices that are applied to achieve a speed from first speed to fourth speed, that is to be placed in a slipping state is selected based on a heat load when a neutral control is executed. As a result, it is possible to continue to execute the neutral control without the durability of the friction apply device being impaired by the heat load, for example, thereby increasing a fuel efficiency effect and the like achieved by the neutral control.

An overlock sewing machine includes an upper knife which is movable to a withdrawn position or a driving position, an upper knife driving unit which moves the upper knife, an interlocking switching unit which switches between an interlocking state in which the upper knife driving unit and the upper knife are interlock and a release state in which the upper knife driving unit and the upper knife are released, an upper knife position switching unit which switches the upper knife to the driving position or the withdrawn position, and an operating unit which drives the interlocking switching unit and the upper knife position switching unit such that the interlocking switching unit is brought into the interlocking state when the upper knife is switched to the driving position, and the interlocking switching unit is brought into the release state when the upper knife is switched to the withdrawn position.

A motor current is estimated based on a target motor speed, an actual motor speed, and an engine speed. When the estimated motor current exceeds a predetermined value equivalent to a heat limiting current value, a variation (motor speed F / B amount) of the target motor speed outputted to an EDU from an ECU is restricted so that the motor current was restricted and heat generation in motor is restricted. In consideration of a deterioration of responsivity of the variable valve timing control due to restriction of the motor current during execution of motor current restriction processing, an existence of the abnormalities of variable valve timing controller is determined based on a deviation of the target camshaft phase and the actual camshaft phase.

A motor current (driving current of motor) is estimated based on a target motor speed, an actual motor speed, and an engine speed. When the estimated motor current exceeds the upper limit value equivalent to a heat generation limiting current, the motor current is restricted by restricting a variation (motor speed F / B amount) in target motor speed outputted to an EDU from an ECU. If it is continued that a deviation between the target motor speed and the actual motor speed exceeds a predetermined value, the estimated motor current exceeds this upper limit value and the restricting action of the motor current is continued.