The invention provides a real-time clustering early warning method for oil and gas pipeline monitoring based on massive vibration interference events. In the method, a Rayleigh scattering-based coherent light time domain reflection vibration sensing system is included, and the method is characterized in that the Rayleigh scattering-based coherent light time domain reflection vibration sensing system comprises a laser, amplifiers, acousto-optic regulators, couplers, a digital signal processor, a driver, an isolator, a delay fiber, a piezoelectric ceramic driver, a photodetector, a central processing unit and a circulator. The A real-time clustering analysis method is adopted to perform cluster analysis on the vibration interference event data obtained through analysis in the time and spacedistribution dimensions at the same time, that is, the spatial distribution characteristics of abnormal interference events are considered, so as to better match the data characteristics caused by theinterference event behavior, which can significantly reduce the number of false positives, reduce the possibility of false negatives, and improve the accuracy and effectiveness of early warning.