The invention belongs to an agricultural machine, and particularly relates to a Chinese artichoke harvester. The Chinese artichoke harvester comprises a rack. The rack is provided with a traction frame. An excavation shovel is arranged below the rack. The Chinese artichoke harvester is characterized in that a main speed reduction box is arranged between the upper portion of the rack and the traction frame, a first transmission shaft, a first conveying chain shaft, a second conveying chain shaft and a second transmission shaft are fixedly installed on the rack, and the first conveying chain shaft and the second conveying chain shaft are connected through a conveying chain; a transition feeder is arranged above the rack, one end of the transition feeder is arranged at the feeding port of the conveying chain in parallel, and the other end of the transition feeder stretches into a rotary screen; the rotary screen is installed on a rotary screen frame, and a material collecting box is arranged at the position, located at the outlet of the rotary screen, at the rear end of the rotary screen frame. The Chinese artichoke harvester is compact in structure, thorough in separation and low in damage rate, excavating, screening and collecting can be finished at a time, time and labor are saved, convenience and reliability are achieved, the production efficiency is high, labor force is greatly reduced, the planting cost of Chinese artichoke is reduced, the planting benefits of farmers are increased, and the confidence of the farmers for planting the Chinese artichoke is improved.