The present invention relates to the technical field of negative
electrode materials for
lithium ion batteries, and specifically provides a porous structure
silicon-carbon composite
microsphere and a preparation method and application thereof. By using an
aqueous solution obtained by mixing CNT-COOH, SiNPs and PS nanoparticles as a precursor solution, a span 80 n-
hexadecane solution as a continuous phase, adjusting the flow rates of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase, so that the dispersed phase is shear-emulsified by the continuous phase in a microfluidic device to form
microemulsion droplets of
uniform size, and obtaining microspheres after
drying, the microspheres are calcined under an
inert atmosphere, and the PS nanoparticles are removed to obtain
silicon-carbon composite microspheres. This technology is not only simple and effective, but also the prepared
silicon-carbon
composite material has
uniform size and abundant pores. The
volume expansion of silicon during the
charge and discharge process can be alleviated to ensure the integrity of the
material structure, while providing a transport channel for ions and improving
conductivity. When the silicon-carbon
composite material is applied to the negative
electrode of a
lithium ion battery, the battery exhibits excellent electrochemical properties.