The invention provides a method for predicting the permeability of coal under stress loading conditions based on CT scans, and solves the technical problem of calculating the permeability of deformedcoal. The method comprises the following steps: A, Making a coal sample, conducting a uniaxial compression experiment, and performing CT scans on the coal sample; B, performing threshold segmentationby adopting a digital terrain model method to obtain a threshold value of the coal sample, and importing CT scan images into a modeling software to establish a three-dimensional numerical model; C, importing the three-dimensional numerical model into a finite element analysis software and setting seepage conditions; D, applying a plurality of pressure gradient values nabla P to the three-dimensional numerical model, setting an initial flow velocity v0, adjusting the nabla P and the v0 parameters to obtain a plurality of seepage models; E, importing the seepage model into a finite element software for simulation and calculation to obtain a calculation result; And F, importing the calculation result into a data processing software, extracting the seepage velocity at equal intervals along theseepage direction, obtaining the relationship between the seepage velocity and the pressure gradient, and calculating the permeability.