50 results about "Odontobutis obscura" patented technology

The invention discloses a river crab integrated culture method in ponds. The river crab integrated culture method in the ponds comprises the following steps of preparing the ponds; equipping the ponds with escape-proof facilities, water inlet and drainage facilities and bottom aeration facilities; breeding snails, river crabs, freshwater shrimps, dark sleepers and Aristichthysnobilis; planting aquatic plants; feeding feedstuff; managing water quality and sloughing. According to the river crab integrated culture method in the ponds, the ecological layout is adjusted, the self-purifying capacity of the ponds is improved, the pressure exerted on creatures by eutrophication of a water environment and the ponds can be released, the ecological balance and the stabilization of the water quality can be kept, and accordingly the disease incidence are reduced and the foundation for achieving high and stable yields is laid; meanwhile, existing culture facilities are fully taken advantages of, the comprehensive productivity of the ponds is improved, and accordingly the overall economic benefits are improved. The river crab integrated culture method in the ponds is beneficial to utilizing solar energy and the feedstuff to the utmost, preventing diseases and improving the capacity of resisting natural and market risks. Through the embodiment of the river crab integrated culture method in the ponds, the disease incidence of the crabs cultured in the ponds can be reduced, and the culture loss and culture risks can be reduced. The predicted comprehensive benefits of the culture can be improved, and meanwhile the pollution of the ecological environment of a water area caused by the culture can be reduced.

The invention provides a method for artificially propagating odontobutis obscurus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, selecting a plurality of pairs of sexually matured male and female odontobutis obscurus and placing into a spawning pond; secondly, placing a plurality of odontobutis obscura ovipositors in the spawning pond, wherein the number of the odontobutisobscura ovipositors is more than of the pairing number of the sexually matured male and female odontobutis obscurus, a wood horizontal trapezoidal cylinder is adopted as a male and female odontobutisobscurus mating place in each ovipositor, and a mesh used for spawning by the odontobutis obscurus is placed on inner side surfaces of two bevel edges of the trapezoidal cylinder; thirdly, controlling the illumination intensity of the environment of the spawning pond to be not more than 50lux, the environmental noise to be not more than 50 decibels and water temperature to be 18-29 DEG C until the female odontobutis obscurus leave the ovipositors, and ending spawning; and fourthly, taking out the mesh spawned with spawns from the ovipositors, laying the mesh on two sides of a rectangular bracket horizontally, placing into a hatching pond, ensuring that the distance between the mesh spawned with the spawns and a water surface is not less than 5cm, introducing oxygen to the hatching water body, and simultaneously controlling the hatching water temperature between 25 DEG C and 30 DEG C, the illumination intensity of the hatching pond to be less than 50lux and the environmental noise to be not more than 50 decibels until an odontobutis obscurus fry is hatched. The method for artificially propagating the odontobutis obscurus is simple and has high seedling rate.

The invention relates to an artificial propagation method of Odontobutis obscura, belonging to the technical filed of artificial fish breeding, and comprising the following steps: parent fish selection; parent fish breeding; artificial insemination; germ cell delamination; artifical incubation; and fry breeding. The technical scheme provided by the invention solves the technical problem that the germ cell of the Odontobutis obscura is easy to mildew and rot, can ensure the fertility rate and rate of hatchability which are respectively over 66% and over 26%. The invention has simple operation, is not rigour, has wide applicability and can meet the requirement of industrialization breed in batch.

The invention discloses a formula of feed for odontobutis obscura and belongs to the field of breeding aquatic products. The method comprises the following steps of (1) sterilizing a culture pond by using quicklime before fries of odontobutis obscura are put in the pond, injecting fresh water, culturing the water by adding fermented organic fertilizer, putting the fries of odontobutis obscura in the pond in late May, feeding the fries with pasty feed, and separating the pond by hauling nets; (2) before the summerlings of odontobutis obscura are put in the pond, draining the pond, sterilizing the pond by using quicklime, injecting water, adding a proper amount of fermented organic fertilizer according to the area of the pond, putting the summerlings of odontobutis obscura in the pond in late June, and feeding the summerlings with baits; and (3) after the summerlings of odontobutis obscura are put in the pond, putting the fries of freshwater shrimps in the pond for polyculture. The method mainly aims at the breeding of fries and summerlings which have been put in the pond, and can increase the disease-resistant rate and the survival rate of odontobutis obscura by culturing the breeding environment and guaranteeing the timely change of water and spreading of a proper amount of quicklime and a sufficient protein intake. The method can increase the survival rate of odontobutis obscura by adding freshwater shrimps, but the adding of large commercial fishes can affect the survival rate of odontobutis obscura, so that the large commercial fishes cannot be put into the pond.

The invention relates to a primer and method for identifying odontobutis potamophila, o. yaluensis and o. sinensis, particularly relates to identification of odontobutis potamophila, o. yaluensis and o. sinensis by applying microsatellite markers. A pair of primers disclosed by the invention is named as OP34a, and the sequences of the primers are shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 and SEQ ID NO. 2 ( as shown in the Specification). During the identification, the pair of the primers is used to perform PCR amplification on DNA samples of the three types of odontobutis obscura, and then 1.5% sepharose gel (dyed by EB) electrophoresis is used to detect PCR products; the products with 221-251 bp stripes are odontobutis potamophila, the products with 337-351 bp stripes are o. yaluensis, and the products with 465-471 bp stripes are o. sinensis. According to the invention, on the basis of without killing fingerlings, the identification can be performed by shearing a few tail fins or other fish tissue parts only, so that the primer and method have the advantages of high stability, simpleness in operation, excellent repeatability, high practicability, and rapid and accurate identification.

The invention relates to a method for controlling saprolegniasis of odontobutis obscura germ cells in incubation period. The method comprises the steps: 1, firstly, cleaning and disinfecting an artificial fish spawning nest containing germ cells, and then placing the artificial fish spawning nest into a cleaned and disinfected incubation bucket; 2, adding the aerated tap water into the incubation bucket as incubation water for incubation, controlling the incubation temperature to be 20-28 DEG C in incubation, controlling the air oxygen flow rate to be 3.5-20L/min, replacing one third to half incubation water every 4 to 7 days; and entirely covering the incubation bucket with a covering object in days, and removing the covering object at night; and 3, breaking the membrane and emerging from the germ cell after 30-40 days. Before the germ cells are transferred into the incubation bucket, the germ cells and the incubation bucket are disinfected, and incubation water used in incubation process is disinfected; and the generation of saprolegniasis of odontobutis obscura germ cells under low-temperature condition can be effectively controlled by utilizing the biological characteristic that the odontobutis obscura germ cells has larger stickiness, and through controlling the output of an aerated pump, and proper incubation conditions are created as far as possible in the incubation process.

The invention discloses a crossbreeding and seedling method of odontobutis potamophila and odontobutis yaluensis. The crossbreeding and seedling method comprises the steps of parent selection, breeding and reproduction regulation and control, artificial insemination and incubation, and larvae juvenile fish cultivation. A hybrid fish has good characteristics of male parent and female parent, the large-scale production of hybrid fish fries can be achieved, a new strain (breed) of odontobutis obscura is hopefully crossbred and cultivated, and accordingly economical benefits of cultivation of the odontobutis obscura of China are effectively improved.

The invention discloses an application method for ecologically breeding macrobrachium nipponensis and Odontobutis obscura in a pond by utilizing an artificial ecological base. The method comprises the following steps of (1) pond selection; (2) forming of pond artificial ecological base layout and biological film; (3) fry stocking; (4) feedstuff feeding; (5) water quality regulation and control and daily management; (6) fishing of grown macrobrachium nipponensis and grown Odontobutis obscura. Compared with the prior art, according to the method, the water quality of the pond can be kept good and stable, water does not need to be replaced in the whole breeding period except in the season with higher water temperature, new water is added to increase the water level, no breeding wastewater is drained, and the ecological benefits are obvious; the biocenosis such as microorganisms and algae on the ecological base can provide the suitable habitat for shrimp seeds and the Odontobutis obscura; the Odontobutis obscura is utilized for catching and feeding on the weak and sick shrimp seeds and autumn seeds bred in august; the breeding disease rate of the macrobrachium nipponensis is reduced; the out-of-pond specification and yield of the grown macrobrachium nipponensis are improved, and the economic benefits are obvious.

The invention relates to the field of water purification, in particular to a method for managing pool eutrophication by planting rice. The method for managing pool eutrophication by planting the rice includes the following steps: a pool is aired and cleaned, and pests in the pool are killed; organic fertilizers for fermentation treatment are applied in middle of March; food organisms are started to be cultivated at the beginning of April; the food organisms are placed into the pool; reed rice seedlings are started to be cultivated at the beginning of May; rice seedling transplanting is started to be carried out in the middle of May; urea is applied after rice seedling transplanting is carried out; large-specification juvenile eriocheir sinensis, odontobutis obscura fries and an appropriate number of aristichthysnobilis fishes are input in the middle of June; compound fertilizers are applied at the beginning of July; harvesting is started to be carried out in the middle of November. By means of the method, rice is planted in the pool, the eriocheir sinensis and the odontobutis obscura which are high in economical value are bred in a mixed mode, aquatic products which are high in quality and high in economic value are produced while the water is purified, the price is higher the price of river crabs in the pool, ecological rice is achieved, and the pool cultivation comprehensive benefit is further improved.

The invention belongs to the field of fish breeding, and particularly relates to a method for preventing roes from being attacked by saprolegniasis.The method for preventing roes from being attacked by saprolegniasis includes the operation steps that a pond is filled with water, niclosamide is put into a water body in the pond, and the input amount of niclosamide is controlled in the mode that 2-3 kg niclosamide is put in per meter of water depth in each mu of pond; 7-10 days later, copper sulfate is put into the water body in the pond, and 0.75-1.25 kg of copper sulfate is put in per meter of water depth in each mu of pond; 4-5 days later, chlorine dioxide is put into the water body in the pond for disinfection, and the input amount of chlorine dioxide is 150-200 g; 2 days later, the water body is used for the roe hatching process.Pathogene can be killed at the water source, the method is widely applied in the fish breeding process, particularly for famous and special fishes such as micropterus salmoide laying viscid roes and odontobutis obscura with a long roe hatching cycle, the problem that the roes are attacked by saprolegniasis in the hatching process is effectively solved by using treated water body for roe hatching, and the hatching rate is high.

The invention discloses a method of performing polyculture to an Odontobutis obscura in a crab pool, and belongs to the field of aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps of: in February to March, self-fertile crabs and Odontobutis obscura parents are placed in a pool, or in May, the self-fertile crabs and the Odontobutis obscura parents are placed in the pool; before stocking, the crabs and fishes are respectively disinfected and sterilized; river crab baits are placed into the pool to feed the crabs and the fishes; during a cultivation period, fresh water is periodically injected into the crab pool, and applied with microbial preparations, such as photosynthetic bacteria, EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria and bacillus, and bottom modifying products to improve water quality and substrate; and during the cultivation period, a waterweed area is controlled to be 1/3-1/2 of a whole water surface; and the crab pool is performed with insect killing and disinfected at regular intervals. In the method, growth and physiological characteristics of the Odontobutis obscura and river crabs are integrated, and the fishes and the crabs are reasonably managed and fed, thus, both yields are improved; 15-20kg of fishes and the crabs can be obtained per Mu, and economic benefits of the crab pool in a unit area is improved by 25%-30%.

The invention discloses an Odontobutis obscura factory culture method using a bottom framework and a laying net to realize the bottom isolation technology, thus isolating the Odontobutis obscura living quarter from night soils, effectively ensuring culture water quality, and reducing diseases; the Odontobutis obscura is small in activity scope, enjoys cave inhabitation, and preys in an assault mode; the method uses a baffle to replace the water plant function, thus ensuring the Odontobutis obscura quantity per unit area, so the Odontobutis obscura can more conveniently rest, move and prey; in addition, the bait source is strictly controlled in a culture process, and fresh baits are regularly fed in the whole process, thus ensuring the bait fish quantity per unit area, and preventing Odontobutis obscura from killing each other under food shortage. The Odontobutis obscura factory culture method is a whole new production mode under the best artificially created conditions; compared with a conventional method, the Odontobutis obscura factory culture method is small in land occupation, high in unit yield, short in culture period, thus reducing culture cost, and improving production efficiency.

The invention discloses an odontobutis obscura parent fish nursing propagation method. The nursing propagation method includes the steps that odontobutis obscura adult fish from different sources are selected as the parent fish from November to March in the next year, and fish nests for spawning are prepared; the fish nests with egg clusters and nursing male fish are moved to an incubation pond, and the male fish are used for nursing incubation; the male fish are moved from the egg clusters with eyespots, and the egg clusters are incubated in a concentrated mode; concentrated culture management is carried out on young fish. The nursing characteristics of the odontobutis obscura male fish are used, the odontobutis obscura male fish are made to nurse oosperm development until eyespots appear, the male fish are moved 3-5 days before incubation, the egg clusters are taken out to be concentrated artificial incubation, it is avoided that oosperms are infected with mold to die massively, the oosperms in the same development stage can be selected and incubated in a concentrated mode, it is effectively ensured that fry emergence is uniform, which is beneficial for culture management on fry, the oosperm incubation rate and the survival rate of fry culture are effectively increased, and the problems that at present, during artificial propagation of odontobutis obscura, odontobutis obscura oosperms are long in incubation time and prone to mold infection, and the incubation rate is not ideal are solved.

The invention discloses an odontobutis obscura and freshwater shrimp mixed culturing method. The environment-friendly and pollution-free odontobutis obscura and freshwater shrimp mixed culturing method is provided according to the landform of the southern mountainous area in Anhui Province, a culturing field is formed in a valley of the southern mountainous area in Anhui Province, an organic paddy field is arranged in the middle of the culturing field, and ditches are formed in the periphery of the culturing field. Scientific mixed culturing is conducted according to the ratio of odontobutis obscura parent fry to freshwater shrimp fry to frogs to vivipara to river crabs to spotted silver carps and silver carps to crawdad of 45:15:5:3:4:1, so that the yield is increased, diseases are reduced, and the safety of meat of odontobutis obscura is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a medicated diet dark sleeper which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of a dark sleeper, 5-15 parts of Sichuan pepper, 2-6 parts of aniseed, 1-5 parts of ginger, 2-6 parts of green onion, 1-4 parts of garlic, 2-6 parts of refined salt, 3-4 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2-6 parts of cooking wine, 1-4 parts of soy sauce, 6-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine powder, 4-9 parts of a vitamin mixture and 9-19 parts of nutrition additives. The medicated diet dark sleeper disclosed by the invention is rich in nutrient and mellow in taste and has the effects of clearing away heat, purging pathogenic fire, benefiting qi and nourishing blood.

The invention provides an efficient culturing method for intercropping odontobutis obscura in a crab pond. The culturing method comprises the following steps that 1, a culturing pond is built; 2, preparation before culturing is performed; 3, fry stocking is performed; 4, water quality is regulated and controlled; 5, scientific bait feeding is performed. According to the efficient culturing method for intercropping the odontobutis obscura in the crab pond, the adopted stocking technique is novel, and through the improvement of the culturing conditions and the scientific managing mode, not only is the ecological environment of culturing improved, but also the productive forces of the crab pond and the comprehensive economic benefit of culturing are increased.

A method for polyculture of ryegrass and Channa chinna according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes the following steps: (1) finishing the pond; (2) sowing ryegrass; (3) throwing fish fry; (4) daily management; (5) fishing. According to the method, the planting of ryegrass and the breeding of sandfish in the pond improve the utilization rate of land resources; and the ryegrass can effectively improve the content of nutrients such as organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the water quality, and absorb heavy metal elements in the water quality. It is conducive to improving the breeding environment of the sandfish, and improving the yield and quality of the sandfish.

The inveniton provides an artificial cross-breeding method for Odontobutis obscura and Oxyeleotris marmorata, belonging to the technical field of artificial cross-breeding of fishes. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of pairs of sexually-mature male Odontobutis obscura and female Oxyeleotris marmorata, and carrying out placing in a spawning pool; placing Odontobutis obscura spawning devices with a number larger than the number of the pairs of the sexually-mature male Odontobutis obscura and female Oxyeleotris marmorata into the spawning pool, wherein the spawning device employs a drum body of a PVC pipe as a mating place for the male Odontobutis obscura and the female Oxyeleotris marmorata, and the PVC pipe is hung on the position of 30 to 40 cm of the spawning pool with a rope; controlling illuminance of the environment where the spawning pool locates to be no more than 60 lux, environmental noise to be no more than 60 db and water temperature to be in a range of 22 to 29 DEG C until the female Oxyeleotris marmorata leaves the spawning devices and spawning is completed; and taking the PVC pipes with roes out of the spawning pool, placing the pipes on the two sides of a rectangle support and then placing the rectangle support in an incubating pool, introducing oxygen into incubating water until the oxygen content in the water is no less than 5 mg/m3, and controlling the temperature of the incubating water to be in a range of 25 to 30 DEG C and the illuminance of the incubating pool to be less than 60 lux at the same time until fries are incubated.

The invention relates to a bionic feed for culturing odontobutis obscura. The bionic feed mainly comprises a surface layer and an inner layer wrapped by the surface layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are closed structures respectively; water in a culture water area is filled between the surface layer and the inner layer; the inner layer is filled with a main feed; the surface layer and the inner layer are made of fish skin; the main feed comprises the following components in percent by weight: 20-25% of mashed shrimp, 12-15% of mashed fish, 12-15% of mashed snail meat, 40-45% of animal liver, 2-4% of garlic powder and 2-5% of olive leaves; the difference between the density of the bionic feed and the water density of the culture water area is controlled within 0.02, and the bionic feed is prepared into an earthworm shape. The bionic feed has the advantages that due to adoption of a bionic technology, the problem that the odontobutis obscura only eats live fishes and shrimps is overcome, the nutrition is balanced and the feeding is convenient.

The invention discloses a concentrated ova-collecting method for Odontobutis obscura. The method comprises the following steps: manufacturing an ova collector, wherein the ova collector is formed by acarbon fiber round rod, a stainless steel slot, a connecting rod and a plug, and the ova collector is spliced to form shapes, such as a triangle, a square and a Y-shape; collecting ova; scraping by using a stripper, and stripping without the damage, concentrating the ova and hatching, and ending the ova collecting process. The positive effect of the method is that the row-type ova collector is used for collecting the ova, and the damage rate in the ova collecting process is less than 10%. The features of the carbon fiber round rod are combined, the ova are not damaged by the separation between the carbon fiber round rods, and the partial ova adhered to the carbon fiber round rod can be easily taken out by the stripper. Because the whole ova collecting process is performed in water, the ova cannot be stacked, and the damage to the ova is further reduced. Through multiple times of the practice, the damage of the method is less than 10%.