7 results about "Reproductive isolation" patented technology

The invention relates to an artificial cross breeding method for male epinephelus fuscoguttatus and female humpback perch, which belongs to the technical field of distant cross breeding and comprises the steps of parent selection of the epinephelus fuscoguttatus and the humpback perch, parent ripening cultivation, gamete collection, artificial insemination and incubation and fry cultivation. By means of reproductive regulation and distant hybridization technologies, two species of two genera of grouper family in different geographical distribution and different reproduction time are hybridized, namely cross-generic hybridization of grouper family breaks through the generic reproductive isolation, and therefore good varieties which grow fast and are high in survival rate are cultivated.

This invention provides a method for artificial pollination using indicator pollen, belonging to the field of hybridization breeding technology. The method utilizes indicator pollen that is reproductively isolated from the target plant, preventing fertilization. The indicator pollen mixes with the target plant's pollen and adheres to the stigma, allowing for visual inspection to determine if pollen adheres evenly to the stigma. This invention also reduces the amount of target pollen used, indirectly reducing the amount of male cotton flowers harvested, thus contributing to increased male cotton yield. The method also improves work efficiency, quickly identifying whether pollination is sufficient and even; if uneven pollination occurs, workers can promptly supplement the pollination. Furthermore, this method minimizes the chance of missing male stigmas, indirectly increasing pollination rate and reducing shedding rate; it also improves boll formation rate, reduces shedding rate, and increases seed yield.

The application provides a preparation method and application of an insect specimen, and belongs to the field of specimen preparation. The preparation method of the insect specimen comprises the following steps: collecting insects and observing, finding an insect mating pair, freezing the insect mating pair, fixing the frozen insect mating pair in a fixing solution, and transferring the insect mating pair into a storage solution to obtain the insect specimen. The preparation method of the insect specimen can fully expand the genital organs of the Phyllophaga, and maximally retains the mating state of the insects. After dissecting the prepared specimen, the lock-and-key theory in the reproductive isolation of insects can be verified. In addition, the Phyllophaga specimen prepared by using the method can be applied to the identification of female Phyllophaga.

The invention relates to a method for distant sexual hybridization of plants, which comprises the following steps: selecting a good variety of a sexual propagation plant type expected to be obtained as a hybridization female parent, castrating before male flowers are mature, treating female flowers before insemination and carrying out reproduction isolation, selecting sperms of any interspecific and farther organisms with characters of the variety expected to be obtained, and carrying out distant sexual hybridization on the selected sperms. And adding a distant hybridization agent, uniformly stirring to form a sperm, inseminating the female parent, taking back a fertilized embryo, carrying out embryo rescue, culturing into a seedling, carrying out chromosome doubling on the obtained seedling, and transplanting into soil. In the mature period, harvesting true hybrids according to individual plants, and cultivating F2 and later generations by using a pedigree method until homozygosis. The bottleneck of distant sexual hybridization is broken through, high-yield and high-quality varieties can be cultivated, and the method has wide application prospects.

This invention discloses a method for interspecific hybridization and seedling cultivation of *Pterocarya spp.* and *Pterocarya martensii*, comprising: selecting mature, live male *Pterocarya spp.*, cleaning and drying them, placing them in seawater, continuously aerating and artificially circulating the water to induce natural sperm release; dissecting mature female *Pterocarya martensii* to extract gonads, collecting mature eggs, cleaning them, and allowing them to settle to obtain an egg mixture; adding ammonia to the egg mixture to activate the eggs; adding the activated egg mixture to a sperm-containing water body for fertilization in the dark; after successful fertilization, removing the male *Pterocarya spp.* and transferring the fertilized eggs to a seedling pond; and cultivating the fertilized eggs in seawater to develop into D-shaped larvae. This invention is the first of its kind for distant hybridization and seedling cultivation of *Pterocarya spp.* and *Pterocarya martensii*, breaking through the reproductive isolation between the two species, achieving stable and efficient hybridization and fertilization. The process is simple and highly stable, and can cultivate new hybrid pearl oyster seedlings that combine the excellent traits of both parents. It has significant implications and promotional value for the innovation of marine pearl oyster germplasm and industrial upgrading.

This invention relates to a method for artificial hybridization breeding of male brown-spotted grouper and female humpback bass. The method belongs to the field of distant hybridization breeding technology. It includes the selection of brown-spotted grouper and humpback bass parents, parent maturation cultivation, gamete collection, artificial insemination and hatching, and seedling cultivation. This invention uses reproductive regulation and distant hybridization technology to hybridize two species belonging to two genera within the grouper family with different geographical distributions and different breeding times, that is, intergeneric hybridization within the grouper family, which breaks through the reproductive isolation between genera, thereby cultivating superior varieties with fast growth and high survival rates.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant biology, in particular to a dianthus chinensis crossbreeding method which comprises the following steps: S1, parent plant screening and flowering phase adjustment; s2, artificial castration and moisturizing directional pollination; s3, performing ovary low-temperature pretreatment and immature embryo in-vitro stripping sterile inoculation; s4, carrying out induction culture and grading screening on calluses; s5, subculture and adventitious bud differentiation; s6, rooting culture and test-tube plantlet molecular marker preliminary screening; and S7, carrying out gradient acclimatization and transplantation and final screening of field characters. Through the synergistic effect of ovary low-temperature pretreatment, immature embryo oxidation resistance and dynamic embryo rescue opportunity, the success rate of interspecific distant hybridization and intraspecific different ploidy hybridization is increased, reproduction isolation of dianthus dianthus distant and ploidy hybridization is successfully broken through, filial generations which cannot be obtained through traditional breeding are obtained, and the breeding efficiency is improved. The polymerization of excellent characters of different species and different ploidy dianthus chinensis is realized, and the breeding gene resources of the dianthus chinensis are enriched.