13 results about "Reproductive isolation" patented technology

The invention relates to an artificial cross breeding method for male epinephelus fuscoguttatus and female humpback perch, which belongs to the technical field of distant cross breeding and comprises the steps of parent selection of the epinephelus fuscoguttatus and the humpback perch, parent ripening cultivation, gamete collection, artificial insemination and incubation and fry cultivation. By means of reproductive regulation and distant hybridization technologies, two species of two genera of grouper family in different geographical distribution and different reproduction time are hybridized, namely cross-generic hybridization of grouper family breaks through the generic reproductive isolation, and therefore good varieties which grow fast and are high in survival rate are cultivated.

This invention provides a method for artificial pollination using indicator pollen, belonging to the field of hybridization breeding technology. The method utilizes indicator pollen that is reproductively isolated from the target plant, preventing fertilization. The indicator pollen mixes with the target plant's pollen and adheres to the stigma, allowing for visual inspection to determine if pollen adheres evenly to the stigma. This invention also reduces the amount of target pollen used, indirectly reducing the amount of male cotton flowers harvested, thus contributing to increased male cotton yield. The method also improves work efficiency, quickly identifying whether pollination is sufficient and even; if uneven pollination occurs, workers can promptly supplement the pollination. Furthermore, this method minimizes the chance of missing male stigmas, indirectly increasing pollination rate and reducing shedding rate; it also improves boll formation rate, reduces shedding rate, and increases seed yield.

The present invention discloses an application of a rice THION22 small peptide protein in breaking the reproductive isolation between indica and japonica subspecies of rice, belonging to the field of biotechnology. The present invention breaks the pre-zygotic reproductive isolation of the indica and japonica subspecies of rice by applying the rice THION22 small peptide protein in vitro during the indica-japonica hybridization process. The application includes the rice THION22 small peptide protein promoting the growth of japonica rice pollen tubes in the pistil of the indica rice variety, and the rice THION22 small peptide promoting the acquisition of indica-japonica hybrid F1 hybrid seeds. The present invention effectively promotes the hybridization of japonica rice pollen with some indica rice varieties, promotes the growth of japonica rice pollen tubes, produces more F1 hybrid seeds, improves the efficiency of indica-japonica hybridization breeding, and has important application value for rice hybridization breeding and heterosis practice.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding and biology, in particular to a loquat transgenic method mediated by a magnetic nano material. According to the method, a red fluorescent plant expression vector containing a loquat EjIPUT gene is constructed, and the full length of the gene sequence is as shown in SEQ ID No.1. EjIPUT genes and magnetic nano Fe3O4 particles form a compound through electrostatic force, the compound and loquat pollen are mixed in a pollen culture solution by standing on a magnetic frame, pollen precipitates containing the compound are obtained after standing, the precipitates are dried and pollinated to castrated stigmas, and reproductive isolation is performed. Finally, DNA amplification identification, fluorescence identification, expression quantity identification and the like show that a loquat transgenic plant over-expressing the EjIPUT gene is obtained.

The application provides a preparation method and application of an insect specimen, and belongs to the field of specimen preparation. The preparation method of the insect specimen comprises the following steps: collecting insects and observing, finding an insect mating pair, freezing the insect mating pair, fixing the frozen insect mating pair in a fixing solution, and transferring the insect mating pair into a storage solution to obtain the insect specimen. The preparation method of the insect specimen can fully expand the genital organs of the Phyllophaga, and maximally retains the mating state of the insects. After dissecting the prepared specimen, the lock-and-key theory in the reproductive isolation of insects can be verified. In addition, the Phyllophaga specimen prepared by using the method can be applied to the identification of female Phyllophaga.

The invention relates to a three-way hybrid grouper new germplasm cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of grouper genetic breeding. According to the method, epinephelus moara and golden tiger hybridized fries (female epinephelus fuscoguttatus * male epinephelus coioides) are used as breeding materials, three-way hybridization is carried out in a matching mode of female epinephelus moara * male epinephelus coioides, and breeding of three epinephelus genetic species and fry with excellent characteristics is achieved. The method comprises the steps of parent selection, parent fish reproduction regulation and control, parent fish spawning induction, gamete collection, artificial insemination, incubation and fry rearing. According to the method, on the basis of reproductive regulation and crossbreeding technologies, time and space reproductive isolation of the groupers is broken through, and the new grouper germplasm which is high in survival rate, low in malformation rate and high in growth speed is cultivated.

The invention relates to a method for distant sexual hybridization of plants, which comprises the following steps: selecting a good variety of a sexual propagation plant type expected to be obtained as a hybridization female parent, castrating before male flowers are mature, treating female flowers before insemination and carrying out reproduction isolation, selecting sperms of any interspecific and farther organisms with characters of the variety expected to be obtained, and carrying out distant sexual hybridization on the selected sperms. And adding a distant hybridization agent, uniformly stirring to form a sperm, inseminating the female parent, taking back a fertilized embryo, carrying out embryo rescue, culturing into a seedling, carrying out chromosome doubling on the obtained seedling, and transplanting into soil. In the mature period, harvesting true hybrids according to individual plants, and cultivating F2 and later generations by using a pedigree method until homozygosis. The bottleneck of distant sexual hybridization is broken through, high-yield and high-quality varieties can be cultivated, and the method has wide application prospects.

The invention discloses composition genes gORF10, gORF16, gORF4 and jORF4 of a rice reproductive isolation gene locus RHS3 and breeding utilization of the composition genes, and provides the reproductive isolation gene locus and the composition genes, a strategy for cultivating an RHS3 locus affinity rice strain, and a method for enabling transgenic events to be dominantly transferred and rapidly homozygous by utilizing the gORF10, gORF16, gORF4 and jORF4 genes for improving the fertility of rice hybrids and improving the breeding efficiency of the rice hybrids. The gene locus has important application value in accelerating the rice variety improvement process, and has extremely high scientific research and application value in genetic improvement of rice by using the gene locus.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological breeding, in particular to a method for creating new animal and plant varieties through iterative evolution of distant filial generations. The core of the technical scheme is that different filial generation iteration strategies are adopted according to the genetic difference of parents and the isolation degree of hybridization sexual reproduction: for the parents with small genetic difference and small isolation degree of hybridization sexual reproduction, a new variety is cultivated through F1 generation direct iteration; and for parents with relatively large genetic difference and hybridization sexual reproduction isolation, carrying out iteration by adopting backcross progenies until a new variety is obtained. According to the method disclosed by the invention, by expanding the segregation population scale of the filial generation and applying stress treatment, the filial generation which combines the dominant characters of the parents or has new characters is screened out, so that the filial generation iterates and recovers the sexual reproduction capability, and forms reproduction isolation with the parents to form a new variety.

This invention discloses a method for interspecific hybridization and seedling cultivation of *Pterocarya spp.* and *Pterocarya martensii*, comprising: selecting mature, live male *Pterocarya spp.*, cleaning and drying them, placing them in seawater, continuously aerating and artificially circulating the water to induce natural sperm release; dissecting mature female *Pterocarya martensii* to extract gonads, collecting mature eggs, cleaning them, and allowing them to settle to obtain an egg mixture; adding ammonia to the egg mixture to activate the eggs; adding the activated egg mixture to a sperm-containing water body for fertilization in the dark; after successful fertilization, removing the male *Pterocarya spp.* and transferring the fertilized eggs to a seedling pond; and cultivating the fertilized eggs in seawater to develop into D-shaped larvae. This invention is the first of its kind for distant hybridization and seedling cultivation of *Pterocarya spp.* and *Pterocarya martensii*, breaking through the reproductive isolation between the two species, achieving stable and efficient hybridization and fertilization. The process is simple and highly stable, and can cultivate new hybrid pearl oyster seedlings that combine the excellent traits of both parents. It has significant implications and promotional value for the innovation of marine pearl oyster germplasm and industrial upgrading.

This invention relates to a method for artificial hybridization breeding of male brown-spotted grouper and female humpback bass. The method belongs to the field of distant hybridization breeding technology. It includes the selection of brown-spotted grouper and humpback bass parents, parent maturation cultivation, gamete collection, artificial insemination and hatching, and seedling cultivation. This invention uses reproductive regulation and distant hybridization technology to hybridize two species belonging to two genera within the grouper family with different geographical distributions and different breeding times, that is, intergeneric hybridization within the grouper family, which breaks through the reproductive isolation between genera, thereby cultivating superior varieties with fast growth and high survival rates.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant biology, in particular to a dianthus chinensis crossbreeding method which comprises the following steps: S1, parent plant screening and flowering phase adjustment; s2, artificial castration and moisturizing directional pollination; s3, performing ovary low-temperature pretreatment and immature embryo in-vitro stripping sterile inoculation; s4, carrying out induction culture and grading screening on calluses; s5, subculture and adventitious bud differentiation; s6, rooting culture and test-tube plantlet molecular marker preliminary screening; and S7, carrying out gradient acclimatization and transplantation and final screening of field characters. Through the synergistic effect of ovary low-temperature pretreatment, immature embryo oxidation resistance and dynamic embryo rescue opportunity, the success rate of interspecific distant hybridization and intraspecific different ploidy hybridization is increased, reproduction isolation of dianthus dianthus distant and ploidy hybridization is successfully broken through, filial generations which cannot be obtained through traditional breeding are obtained, and the breeding efficiency is improved. The polymerization of excellent characters of different species and different ploidy dianthus chinensis is realized, and the breeding gene resources of the dianthus chinensis are enriched.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant distant hybridization, and discloses a tulip trans-genus hybridization method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, coating a female parent tulip stigma with a first chemical composition containing a specific competitive inhibitor and a nano beacon, the composition being used for constructing a bionic affinity environment to overcome pre-fertilization obstacles, and implanting a space marker at a target site; then pollinating the pollen of the heterogeneity male parent to the pollen of the heterogeneity male parent; and finally, injecting a second chemical composition into the female parent daughter room at a specific time after pollination. The second chemical composition comprises a targeting nano-carrier of which the surface is modified with a docking ligand, and the carrier has a multi-layer core-shell structure, so that programmed release of active substances required in different development stages can be realized. By means of the established positioning targeting programmed release collaborative system, reproduction isolation recognition of female parents can be actively closed, meanwhile, precise targeting and dynamic nutrition support are conducted on successfully fertilized hybrid embryos, and the problems of incompatibility before fertilization and embryo abortion after fertilization are solved.