32 results about "Reproductive isolation" patented technology

The invention relates to a seed producing method for obtaining the hybrid advantage of a crassostrea gigas, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting Chinese and Korean crassostrea gigases as parent oysters to carry out temporary culture; ripening the Chinese and Korean crassostrea gigases synchronously; then hybridizing sperms and ovums of the Chinese and Korean crassostrea gigases by artificial insemination; and finally carrying out the incubation, the seed culture and the growth of the hybridized oyster. The invention cultures a crassostrea gigas hybridized seed with high disease resistance and survival rate and rapid growing speed by hybridizing two crassostrea gigas geographic populations with reproductive isolation; the production performance of the crassostrea gigas hybridized seed is obviously better than that of a Chinese locally inbred comparison population; and the method is simple and has favorable industrialized application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a giant grouper sperm freezer and assisting grouper distant hybridization breeding. The sperm freezer establishing method comprises the steps of preparing sperm diluent, preparing sperm cryopreservation liquid, freezing and storing sperms and establishing the sperm freezer. The grouper distant hybridization breeding method comprises the steps of establishing the giant grouper sperm freezer, establishing saladfish breeding groups, cultivating saladfish parent fish and performing reproductive regulation, performing artificially spawning breeding, fertilizing the frozen sperms and performing incubation, and cultivating fries. According to the method, the first giant grouper sperm freezer is established in China, reproductive isolation of the groupers caused by factors, such as geographical distribution, optimum temperature range and breeding time, is overcome, and distant hybridization breeding of the grouper groups is possible, so that distant hybridization breeding varieties are cultivated.

A seed production method for obtaining trepang heterosis is characterized in that Chinese seed trepangs and Japanese seed trepangs are ripened synchronously firstly; then, artificial egg taking is processed under the conditions that the environment is dried in the shade and the temperature is heated and seawater is irradiated by ultraviolet radiation; the sperm and the egg of Chinese trepangs and Japanese trepangs are hybridized; finally, the hatch and the seed rearing of hybridized trepangs are processed by a normal method. The invention has the advantages as follows: Chinese trepangs and Japanese trepangs are ripened synchronously by temperature adjustment; two procreation-isolated and different geographical populations are hybridized to cultivate a hybridized trepang seedling with fast growth speed, strong stress resistance and high survival rate. The production character of the hybridized trepang seedling is obviously better than Chinese local selfing control population, which has very good industrialization application prospect.

The invention discloses a maize reproductive isolation method. According to the invention, maize inter-variety reproductive isolation is realized through a maize hybridization unidirectional incompatibility gene. The maize hybridization unidirectional incompatibility gene is Gal-S or a gene having functions same with or similar to that of the Gal-S gene. The maize containing the Gal-S gene does not accept pollens of other maize which does not contain the gene. Even if different varieties are planted alternately, the maize is not influenced by pollens of other varieties. With the method, inherent defects of existing time reproductive isolation, space reproductive isolation and natural barrier reproductive isolation can be completely solved.

The invention discloses a hybrid breeding method of frozen sperms of small yellow croaker and large yellow croaker, and belongs to the technical field of fry breeding of aquaculture marine fish. The method specifically comprises the following steps that small yellow croaker sperms are collected, a sperm dilute containing an anti-freezing agent is added in the small yellow croaker sperms, cryopreservation is conducted, large yellow croaker ovums are collected, the small yellow croaker sperms are thawed, and the sperms and the ovums are subjected to artificial insemination. According to the method, the sperms with the survival rate being 60% after thawing are selected to be crossed with the large yellow croaker ovums, the fertilization rate reaches 67.3%, and the hatching rate is 86.8% or above. The method has the important significance for overcoming reproductive isolation, achieving artificial hybridization, cultivating new varieties, and achieving large-scale fry breeding.

The invention relates to a plant in-vivo somatic cell hybridization method which comprises the following steps: selecting a female organ of a good variety of a plant type expected to be obtained and a somatic cell cluster of a reproduction unit as a hybridization female parent receptor, performing treatment before insemination to remove reproduction isolation, so that the hybridization female parent receptor is easy to fertilize; individuals, organs, tissues, cells, chromosomes or chromosome segments, DNA or DNA segments and genes of animals or plants, microorganisms and other organisms with the characters of the expected variety are selected as male parent donors, a somatic cell hybridization agent is added and stirred evenly, a sperm is obtained, the sperm is used for insemination of a receptor under mediation of the somatic cell hybridization agent, and the variety is obtained. And embryo rescue and seedling culture are carried out after the fertilization embryo is taken back. The bottleneck of distant hybridization is broken through, high-yield and high-quality varieties can be cultivated, and the method has wide application prospects.

The application relates to a hybrid seedlings-cultivating method of the stichopus japonicus. The method comprises the steps of: firstly taking the stichopus japonicus in the China sea area and the black stichopus japonicus in the Japan northern sea area as the bred stichopus japonicus, and synchronously fertilizing the bred stichopus japonicus of the China stichopus japonicus and the bred stichopus japonicus of the Japan stichopus japonicus by controlling the cultivating water temperature and the bait feeding quantity of the bred stichopus japonicus in the process of artificial fertilizing and cultivating; artificially spawning and discharging sperm under the oxytocic condition of drying in the shade and warming, and respectively collecting the ovum from the Chinese stichopus japonicus and the sperm from the Japan black stichopus japonicus or the sperm from the Chinese stichopus japonicus and the ovum from the Japan black stichopus japonicus for the aritificial exomixis; and performing the incubation and the seedlings cultivation to the oosperm which is generated by hybridizing the two different geographical colonies which are reproductively isolated from each other according to the normal mode for cultivating the seedlings of the stichopus japonicus so as to cultivate the hybrid stichopus japonicus seedlings.

The invention discloses a haploid induction line genetic purity preservation method based on reproductive isolation characters. According to the method, a reproductive isolation character gene is applied to genetic purity preservation work of the induction line to form a haploid induction line material which only accepts self pollen and has a biological isolation function. The haploid induction line material with the biological isolation function is beneficial to avoiding the influence of external pollen on the induction performance of the induction line in commercial DH breeding application, solves the genetic purity preservation problem in the induction line breeding process and provides a feasible scheme for solving the problem of purity preservation work of a key induction line material in the haploid breeding process, the breeding workload of the induction line can be greatly reduced, and the material purity of the induction line can be ensured; and a new thought is provided for breeding work of pop corn and part of sweet-waxy corn materials, and popularization and application of a haploid breeding technology are promoted.

The invention relates to the technical field of embryo engineering, in particular to a method for obtaining male pronucleus by using xenogeneic animal oocytes as a medium. The method comprises the following steps of step 1, obtaining mature oocytes of animals A, with a first polar body, and placing the obtained mature oocytes in external fertilization liquid droplets of animals B; step 2, injecting the sperms of the animals B into the liquid droplets containing the oocytes in the step 1 to obtain sperm and oveum mixed droplets; and step 3, placing the sperm and oveum mixed droplets obtained inthe step (2) in a CO2 incubator, and performing hatching until sperms of the animals B enter the cytoplasm of the oocytes to form male pronucleus, wherein the animals A and the animals B are xenogeneic animals. According to the method, a fertilization biology principle of reproductive isolation of uncrossed fertilization of the xenogeneic animals is used, an external fertilization method is adopted, the oocytes of the xenogeneic animals are used as a medium to obtain the male pronucleus of another animal, and the formation rate of the male pronucleus is as high as 17.8% or above.

The invention discloses a method of paddy rice breeding with the function of preventing pollen from flowing. The method comprises the following steps: a paddy rice reproductive isolation gene is introduced into the paddy rice so that cross-pollinated hybrid F1 cannot grow normally in a paddy field, thus achieving the purpose of preventing the pollen from flowing and ensuring purity of the paddy rice seed. The paddy rice reproductive isolation gene can be chosen from any one of the genes which can generate the following characteristics: hybrid weakness, hybrid lethality, hybrid collapse, hybrid sterility and hybrid depression.

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn gene mapping, and particularly to a new method for mapping corn one-way outcross incompatibility gene. The conventional method for mapping qualitative character gene is constructing a backcrossing or self-crossing population, inferring a genotype of an individual through phenotypic identification, carrying out molecular marker detection, and adopting two point and three point tests to determine a position of the gene, wherein phenotypic identification is easily affected by human factors and environmental factors and the mapped population size is limited due to large workload when the conventional method is used to map the Ga gene. According to the present invention, based on the disadvantages of Ga gene mapping of the conventional method, a mapping method without phenotypic identification is provided, and the method is characterized in that the genotype of the utilized mapped population is known, the phenotype does not require identification, the large population can be constructed, and sufficient individuals can be found in the one generation so as to carry out fine mapping on the Ga gene; and an effective method for Ga gene mapping is provided, and application of the Ga gene to carry out reproduction separation on different types of corn on the production is promoted.

The invention relates to a method for breaking self-incompatibility of an apple to obtain a filial generation. The method comprises the following steps of: taking apple trees with good growth vigor and strong development as female parent plants, classifying flower buds in different open states, wherein flowers with buds expanding but being covered by sepals are defined as first age class flowers,flowers with the buds protruding out of the sepals are defined as second age class flowers, flowers with the buds breaking through the sepals but being not unfolded are defined as third age class flowers, flowers with the buds opening are defined as fourth age class flowers; selecting the second age class flowers and the third age class flowers to perform self-pollination. The invention provides aclassification method of flower age classes before apple flowers blooming overcomes the reproductive isolation caused by self-incompatibility to a certain extent and successfully obtains the filial generation by performing self-pollination on styles of different flower age classes before blooming. The method can be used for simply and conveniently obtaining an inbred filial generation of the apple which is difficult to obtain by a conventional pollination method; and an effective mean is provided for obtaining genetic materials of allele homozygosity in the apple breeding process.

The invention relates to protease-(M.rosenbergii sperm gelatinase-like protease, SGP) with the hydrolyzed gelatin function, which is purified from the sperm crude extract of giant freshwater prawn (M.rosenbergii), and a coded gene and an application thereof. The studies of enzyme related with fertilization on sperms of different species are helpful to understanding the mechanism of crustacean fertilization and the mechanism of the production of reproductive isolation between different species. Based on the theories and the techniques, the relevant researchers can establish a good hybrid system, thus obtaining high yield and fast growth hybrid species.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating new germplasm of epinephelus with stress-resistant hybrid superiority. The method comprises the following steps of (1), screening and cultivating parent fish groups, wherein the selection strength of epinephelus fuscoguttatus is 5%, and the selection strength of epinephelus tukula is 10%; 2), parent reproduction regulating, injecting an ovulation-promoting hormone analogue into parent epinephelus fuscoguttatus, and injecting chorionic gonadotropin and an ovulation-promoting hormone analogue into epinephelus tukula; 3), collecting sperms of the epinephelus tukula, diluting the sperms by using sperm cryopreservation liquid, and performing cryopreservation; 4), performing hybrid insemination, collecting ova, unfreezing sperms, and performing mixed fertilization; 5), hatching to a tail bud stage; and 6), carrying out fry cultivation to obtain fish fries. According to the method, distant hybridization breeding of epinephelus tukula and epinephelus fuscoguttatus is realized, reproductive isolation in the aspects of geographical distribution, propagation time, propagation temperature and the like in the natural environment is overcome, anda new hybrid germplasm with the advantages of fast growth, low oxygen resistance and low temperature resistance is cultivated.

The invention discloses LRR-RLK receptor kinase AtMDIS1 having high expression in arabidopsis plant pollen and a method for breaking a close hybridization barrier through AtMDIS1. AtMDIS1 is expressed in species except arabidopsis through a transgenic means, gene exchange between different species can be promoted, and the hybrid sterility barrier in hybridization breeding is broken. Experiments prove that the method can successively improve arabidopsis ovule recognition efficiency of close species plant male gametophytes.