309 results about "Portunus trituberculatus" patented technology

The invention provides a fully-artificial breeding method of parent crabs of Portunus trituberculatus, comprising the following steps of: selecting large female and male parents with good characters; artificially controlling the female and male parents to be mated; numbering the mated female crabs and then putting into an overwintering pond, wherein baits of an overwintering period are living clam worms; utilizing sand-filtered underground seawater and controlling the water temperature in a range of 8-10 DEG C to accelerate sexual glands to grow to be mature and ovulate; putting one parent crab with ova into a cage and then putting the cage into a breeding pond to ovulate larvae and breed in the May of the next year; culturing the larvae in one pond to the second phase of young crabs; then putting the young crabs into a cultivation pond to be cultivated, so as to realize the fully-artificial cultivation of the Portunus trituberculatus. According to the invention, the fights and injuries of male crabs are reduced and the parent breeding success rate is improved; the generation and the transmission of diseases are reduced, and the overwintering survival rate is improved; and meanwhile, the fully-artificial breeding method is also applicable to temporary cultivation of commodity crabs so that the marketing period of the commodity crabs is prolonged and the economic additional value of the cultivated crabs is improved; and the larvae are cultivated in one pond so that the fully-artificial breeding method is applicable to propagating of the population of the Portunus trituberculatus breeding population.

The invention discloses a circulating water three-dimensional cultivating system for blue crabs, which is characterized by comprising a reservoir, a water pump and at least two layers of cultivating box groups with openings at upper ends, wherein the adjacent two layers of the cultivating box groups are staggered in the front and back direction, a water collecting tank is arranged on the front side at the lower end of the cultivating box group positioned in the bottom layer, filter biochemical cotton is laid in the water collecting tank, a water outlet pipe is connected between the water collecting tank and the reservoir, a water spray pipe is fixedly arranged above the cultivating box group in the top layer, the water spray pipe is communicated with the reservoir through a water inlet pipe, and a plurality of water spray holes are arranged on the water spray pipe. The circulating water three-dimensional cultivating system has the advantages that water used by the system can be recycled after being filtered, the water consumption is low, and the system can realize energy conservation and emission reduction and is conductive to environmental protection; and furthermore, oxygenation is performed between the upper and the lower layers of the cultivating box groups through the gravity action of water flow, and one blue crab is cultivated in one cultivating box, so that the survival rate of cultivation is high and the management is simultaneously facilitated.

A method for culturing the larvae of triverrucous portunid in outdoor pond includes such steps as providing male parent portunid and female parent portunid, indoor culture at 12-18 deg.C by feeding living clam worm, oxytocia, incubation, and culturing larvae in an artificial ocean environment by feeding living bait and building hidden caves for preventing the mutual damage between larvae.

The invention relates to a juvenile horse crab feed formula and a processing method thereof. The feed formula includes fish meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, wheat middling, cassava alpha starch, squid extract, shrimp shell meal, fish oil, phospholipid, feed attractant, ecdysone, antioxidant, mildew preventive, premix, monocalcium phosphate and neutral phytase. The method for preparing the compound feed is as follows: the materials are weighed according to formula proportion, ground, uniformly mixed in a mixer and produced into pellets, the diameter of the pellet is 3mm, thelength of the pellet is larger than or equal to 3cm, and the pellets are dehydrated and cooled by cold wind. The method for adding the neutral phytase depends on the processing temperature, and the neutral phytase can be directly put into the materials before pelletization, or can be sprayed on the pellet feed after pelletization. The nutrition of the feed is rich, and palatability is good; the addition of the phytase increases the utilization rate of phytate phosphorus, the dosage of the monocalcium phosphate is reduced, consequently, the cost is reduced, the discharge of phosphorus in wateris reduced, environment pollution is reduced, and ecological equilibrium is protected.

The invention discloses a Portunus trituberculatus non-fish-meal compound feed and its preparation method. 1000kg of the compound feed comprises 60kg of dephenolized cottonseed proteins, 20kg of spray-dried animal blood cells, 130-170kg of concentrated soybean proteins, 130-150kg of rice protein powder, 90-110kg of surimi proteins, 20kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 130kg of peanut meal, 30kg of shrimp shell meal, 220.55kg of wheat flour, 35kg of rice bran, 20kg of phosphatide oil, 20kg of fish oil, 5kg of trace elements, 2.5kg of betaine, 3kg of salt, 1.75kg of multiple vitamins, 1kg of choline chloride, 0.5kg of L-carnitine, 0.5kg of a mildew inhibitor, 40kg of bentonite and 0.2kg of ethoxyquin. The Portunus trituberculatus non-fish-meal compound feed solves the high cultivation cost problem of Portunus trituberculatus, and realizes the feed cost invest minimization and the benefit maximization.

The invention discloses an indoor industrial culture method for portunus trituberculatus, comprising the following steps of: building a culture bond, preparing culture baskets, shelving the culture baskets, stocking crab seedlings, managing culture and directionally mating. A horizontal shelf is arranged in the culture bond, a long-edge basket of the culture baskets is equipped with a slot in which a separation plate is inserted, a hiding room containing silt is arranged in the culture baskets on the left side and the right side of the separation plate, and male and female crab seedlings are independently cultured in the culture baskets on the left side and the right side of the separation plate; after growth shelling and reproduction shelling, the separation plate is taken off so that one male portunus trituberculatus and one female portunus trituberculatus naturally mate in the culture baskets, and after mating, the male portunus trituberculatus is moved out of the culture basket atonce. The indoor industrial culture method for the portunus trituberculatus has the advantages of easy control on water quality, high survival rate and good culture benefit, and can prevent the portunus trituberculatus from killing each other, and the portunus trituberculatus is not injured by wind damages and wave damages.

The invention discloses a feed for portunus trituberculatus miers, belonging to the field of feed for aquatic animal culture. The feed comprises the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 35-45% of fish meal, 10-18% of soybean meal, 5-8% of spent grains liquor of corn alcohol, 3-8% of beer yeast, 3-5% of shrimp shell meal, 15-25% of high protein flour, 3-5% of squilla protein plasma, 1-3% of phospholipid oil, 1-3% of refined fish oil, 1-3% of complex binding agent, 1-2% of compound mineral substance, 0.5-1.5% of compound vitamin, 0.2-0.4% of choline and 0.1-0.4% of edible salt. Compared with the prior art, the feed provided by the invention comprises reasonable ingredients, has comprehensive nutrition, is full of nutriments, has extremely strong food calling effect on the portunus trituberculatus miers, can meet the requirements for artificial culture of the portunus trituberculatus miers in ponds, improves the food intake, effectively prevents the phenomenon that the portunus trituberculatus miers clamps the food mutually, and has obvious effect on improving the culture survival rate of the portunus trituberculatus miers.

The invention discloses a method for ecologically breeding portunus trituberculatus in ponds, wherein people breed the portunus trituberculatus, shrimps and shellfish in the ponds in a matched mode. The portunus trituberculatus, the shrimps and the shellfish are bred in a mixed mode, and a scientific ecological stereoscopic mixed breeding mode is built. Fed bait meets the growth requirement of the portunus trituberculatus, and residual bait can be used by the shrimps; besides, excreta of the shrimps and the portunus trituberculatus and smaller organic detritus can be used as bait of the shellfish, and various kinds of natural bait or artificial feed of the ponds are used to the maximum degree; due to ingestion of the shellfish, water of the breeding ponds is purified better; by means of metabolism, decomposition and assimilation, self-improvement on a water environment is facilitated, and growing speed and anti-disease ability of the portunus trituberculatus, the shrimps and the shellfish are enhanced.

A method for breeding blue crab families comprises the following steps: S1, collecting blue crabs bred in different populations of China to construct base groups, and conducting genetic diversity comprehensive evaluation, S2, respectively selecting parent crabs from the different populations, establishing the families according to the complete diallel cross mode to grow larvae and breed in a standardizing mode, and calculating hybrid heterosis rates, S3, utilizing the crabs with outstanding hybrid heterosis to mate and combine, constructing the families through indoor artificial directional mating to grow the larvae and breed in the standardizing mode, and twice screening stocking families, S3, over-wintering mated female crabs of parent groups bred indoors of the stocking families, S4, selecting the parent crabs with high egg-laying rates from each family in following spring to grow the larvae and breed in the standardizing mode, and utilizing the breeding method to continue to screen the families. By means of the method for breeding the blue crab families, the growth rate and the survival rate of the blue crabs are used as indexes, blue crab families breeding is conducted, family economic characters are comprehensively evaluated, according to breeding results, blue crab norms are improved in the harvesting process, the breeding survival rate is improved, so that breeding benefits are greatly increased, and deviation caused by single character breeding is avoided.

The invention provides a method for the cage propagation of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in a coastal mudflat pond, which is characterized in that: selecting and domesticating parent crabs; selecting egg-carrying crabs and producing juveniles; and breeding juvenile crabs, wherein the whole juvenile crab breeding process is performed in natural ecological environment in the coastal mudflat pond. The invention also provides breeding cages and accessory facilities which are used in the method, which comprise temporary parent crab breeding cages, breeding cages and juvenile attaching bases. In the cage propagation in the coastal mudflat ponds of the invention, the parent crabs are gown in the temporary breeding cages, the juveniles are distributed in the breeding cages and the juveniles are bred in the cages; all facilities are arranged in one pond, so the operation is convenient; being bred in the outdoor coastal mudflat pond, the Portunus trituberculatus Mier juveniles can well adapt to the outside environment; the survival rate is high; the juveniles production is consistent; and the drawback of low adaptability to outside environment of juvenile crabs bred in greenhouses is overcome.

The invention provides a method for promoting portunus trituberculatus females to quickly develop roe. The method comprises the following steps of: preparation of a roe-growing pond, selection and stocking of the females, breeding environment conditions, preparation of baits, daily management and catching and selling. According to the development law of the ovary of the portunus trituberculatus, good environment conditions are artificially created, and good-quality baits are used to feed the portunus trituberculatus, so that the ovary of the portunus trituberculatus is quickly developed, and the nutritious value and the edible value of the portunus trituberculatus are improved. The key points of the method include: the proper temperature is between 18 and 25 DEG C, the proper salt content is 25 to 35ppt, the sand is paved on the bottom of the pond, microporous oxygen-supplying tubes are arranged so as to supply oxygen to the bottom part, and the compound feed and living baits are alternately fed. Through nearly 60 days of quick roe development, the roe weight index of the portunus trituberculatus is increased from original about 1 percent to over 7 percent, the red roe rate and the survival rate are about 70 percent and 80 percent respectively, and the nutritious value and the economic value of the females are improved. The method is suitable to be used by portunus trituberculatus breeding enterprises, portunus trituberculatus catching units and fishmen and contributes to protection and reasonable utilization of wild resources of the portunus trituberculatus.

The invention discloses a method for refreshing water-detacted live portunus tritubercularus, which comprises the steps of: 1, purifying the portunus tritubercularus in seawater, and then putting the portunus tritubercularus in the 2-5 DEG C seawater for soaking for 3-5min to ensure that the portunus tritubercularus is in a narcosis state, wherein the 2-5 DEG C seawater contains 0.1 percent of stable vitamin C; 2, putting a moisturizing material in the 2-5 DEG C seawater containing 0.1 percent of stable vitamin C for soaking until the moisturizing material is saturated; and 3, firstly placingan oxygenating agent in a cavity in the middle of a package box, then laying one layer of moisturizing material above the oxygenating agent, placing the portunus tritubercularus above the moisturizing material, placing one layer of moisturizing material, i.e. a second layer of moisturizing material, above the portunus tritubercularus and covering the packaging box by the cover thereof. The methoddisclosed by the invention has the advantages of long survival time of the portunus tritubercularus, capability of effectively ensuring the edible value and enlarging the marketing range, clean surface of the portunus tritubercularus body, and low cost.

The invention provides a sextuple PCR (polymerase chain reaction) detection method of a portunus trituberculatus miers microsatellite marker. The detection method comprises the following steps of: designing and synthesizing a sextuple PCR primer; extracting genome DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid); performing sextuple PCR reaction; and detecting a PCR product, wherein the sextuple PCR reaction comprises a sextuple PCR reaction system and a sextuple PCR reaction procedure. The method builds the sextuple PCR reaction system which performs the portunus trituberculatus miers family and paternity test to simultaneously detect six microsatellite sites in the PCR reaction, so that efficiency is improved by about six times compared with the existing PCR method. The method has the characteristics of being high-efficiency, economical, simple, convenient and the like, thereby being capable of being popularized and applied in the portunus trituberculatus miers genetic diversity analysis, the genetic relationship test, the family management and the improved variety breeding.

The invention relates to ecological bait for mixed culture of Lifopenaeus vannamei and blue crabs, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 95 to 98.9 percent of fundamental nutritive ingredients, 1 to 4 percent of drug ingredients and 0.1 to 4 percent of enzyme preparation compositions. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the ecological bait. The ecological bait has the characteristics that the ecological bait has reasonable nutrition arrangement, not only has natural food calling effect but also can meet all the requirements of nutrition physiology under the condition of mixed culture of the Lifopenaeus vannamei and the blue crabs, effectively reduces the residual food rate of the Lifopenaeus vannamei and the blue crabs, improves the immunity and the growth rate of the Lifopenaeus vannamei and the blue crabs, reduces water pollution during the culture process, improves the quality of the Lifopenaeus vannamei and the blue crabs, etc.

The invention relates to a method for producing soft-shell crabs by using portunus trituberculatus crabs. The method comprises the following steps of: taking 50-250g of portunus trituberculatus crabs as molting crab seedlings which do not finish reproductive molting from a natural sea area or a portunus trituberculatus crab culturing pool, conveying living bodies of the molting crab seedlings to a molting pool and culturing, and strictly preventing sudden changes of temperature and salinity, wherein the pH value of a soft-shell crab culturing pool is 7.0-8.8, the dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L, the salinity is 20-35, and the temperature is 18-30 DEG C; casting baits according to 5-10 percent of crab weight at nightfall or in the early morning everyday; checking the molting or death situation of the crabs every 2-4h, taking dead crabs out and putting away; moving the soft-shell crabs away; and quickly freezing and storing the living bodies, or storing the living bodies at low temperature for sale. The portunus trituberculatus crabs are the ocean crabs which have largest culturing scale in the world, and the species of the soft-shell culturing crabs are most plentiful. The individual of the portunus trituberculatus crabs is larger than that of the North American blue crabs and portunus pelagicus and is most suitable for culturing high-quality soft-shell crabs.

The invention relates to a method for efficiently breeding blue crabs. The method comprises the following steps: performing intermediate breeding on II-stage baby blue crabs in an outdoor cement pit greenhouse; disinfecting the water for breeding through an ultraviolet lamp and mounting an oxygenating device in a breeding pond; feeding big disinfected brine shrimps at regular time; exchanging 15% water per day; after the II-stage baby blue crabs grow and become V-stage baby blue crabs, putting juvenile crabs into the breeding pond at a sex ratio of female to male being 3:1; after ending mating, fishing out the male crabs; continuously breeding the female crabs; and when the water temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, putting the female crabs into the outdoor cement pit greenhouse for temporarily breeding and putting into the market before and after the Spring Festival, thereby greatly increasing the breeding yield and economic benefit. According to the method provided by the invention, the juvenile crabs are prevented from being killed by enemies and severe environment; the use ratio of baits is increased and the happening of diseases is reduced; the breeding yield of the blue crabs is increased by 26.99% and the breeding benefit is increased by 2.39 times, by adopting the method provided by the invention; the method can be widely applied to the breeding for the blue crabs; the energy conservation and the environment protection are realized; and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.

The invention discloses a method for culturing swimming crabs for two batches each year. The culture mode is as follows: for the first batch, egg-carrying crabs are released into a nursery area in late April, large-size larvae are raised, and are transferred into a culture area in late July to early August, the males are removed with the females left, and after being cultured into roe crab products, each of which is 250g to 350g, the swimming crabs are put into the market in January or February of the next year; for the second batch, the second batch of egg-carrying crabs are released into the nursery area in early August, large-size larvae are raised, the temperature of the nursery area is kept after November to help the juvenile crabs to live through the winter, the crabs are transferred into the culture area in middle April of the next year, the female and the male are raised together, and after being cultured into meat crab products, each of which is 150g to 200g, the big crabs start to be caught with the small crabs left in June until late July. The culture method disclosed by the invention plugs the gap of supplying of swimming crabs from May to August, satisfying the demand of consumers; moreover, the utilization rate of ponds is increased, and higher economic benefit can be obtained from a culture pond with the same area.

The invention discloses a processing method of frozen portunus trituberculatus. The method comprises the following steps: filling a water body of a living body portunus trituberculatus with oxygen, and carrying out fasting hunger temporary rearing for 4-8 hours; immersing into fluidized ice solid-liquid mixing system, and passivating, wherein the volume ratio of the portunus trituberculatus to the fluidized ice solid-liquid mixing system is (1:10) to (1:20); and the soaking time is 2-5 minutes; steaming the pasivated active portunus trituberculatus with water vapor for 4-8 minutes; preparing 0.05-0.15g/L of nisin and 0.1-0.3g/L of sodium diacetate water solution, and preparing broken ice; completely immersing the steamed portunus trituberculatus into the broken ice, wherein the volume ratio of the portunus trituberculatus to the broken ice is (1:10) to (1:20); cooling for 12-24 minutes; carrying out single vacuum package on the cooled portunus trituberculatus with an aluminum foil vacuum bag; and instantly freezing, and storing at -20 to -30 DEG C. The processing method disclosed by the invention is simple and reasonable in process; the phenomena that a lot of muscle tissues are dewatered after traditional frozen portunus trituberculatus is unfrozen, and the taste seriously become poor are avoided; excessive loss of nutrients is avoided; unique delicate taste and special flavor of the portunus trituberculatus can be kept; cheliped is prevented from falling off; the overall aesthetic property is ensured; and the storage period of the product is prolonged.

The invention relates to a method for culturing seedlings of Portunus tritubereulatus in the north and breeding the Portunus tritubereulatus in the south, which comprises the following steps: obtaining brood Portunus tritubereulatus from a natural sea area in the north of the Taiwan Strait or a Portunus tritubereulatus culture pond from August to mid-October, then performing artificial breeding on the brood Portunus tritubereulatus or breeding the brood Portunus tritubereulatus in an earthen pond in the north to obtain juvenile Portunus tritubereulatus; and conveying the juvenile Portunus tritubereulatus serving as the seedlings of the Portunus tritubereulatus to the sea area at a low latitude in the south of the Taiwan Strait, and performing out-of-season breeding on the Portunus tritubereulatus. The Portunus tritubereulatus which is bred in the north can be bred in the south, so that the Portunus tritubereulatus appears on the market in the seasons when the Portunus tritubereulatus cannot be bred in the north from December to next March, and the out-of-season breading of the Portunus tritubereulatus is carried out by using the advantages that the temperature in the south at the low latitude is higher and the brood Portunus tritubereulatus exists in the northern autumn.

The invention relates to a feed suitable for being used in the growing period and the fattening period of portunus trituberculatus. The feed is composed of a solid part and a liquid part, wherein the solid part is composed of the following components by weight percent: fish meal, casein, decrustation bean pulp, alpha-starch. beer yeast, fish oil, shrimp shell meal, sleeve-fish cream, dextrin, hemalbumin powder, complex vitamins, 1-3% complex minerals, choline chloride, an unshelling agent, astragalus membranaceus, poria cocos, common andrographis herb, scutellaria baicalensis, dimethylpropiothetin, sodium diacetate, butyl hydroxy anisd and beta-carotene; the liquid part is EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium liquid. The astragalus membranaceus, the common andrographis herb, the scutellaria baicalensis, the poria cocos and the like are added into the feed prepared by adopting the method, the immunocompetence of the portunus trituberculatus is effectively improved, the stress effect on the portunus trituberculatus in a high-temperature period can be relieved simultaneously, the unshelling and the quick growth are facilitated, raw materials are easy to obtain, the quality is stable, the nutrition is balanced, the palatability is good, and the feed is suitable for the portunus trituberculatus in the growing period and the fattening period.

The invention relates to a portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait. The invention is characterized in that the ecological bait consists of the following raw materials by weight percent: 97-98.9% of fundamental nutrition composition, 1-2% of medicine composition and 0.1-1% of other composition. The ecological bait has the advantages of having the balanced nutrition composition, meeting all physiological needs of nutrition in the artificial culture of single species and in the mixed culture of the portunus trituberculatus miers, effectively reducing the cannibalism rate of the portunus trituberculatus miers, improving the growing speed of the portunus trituberculatus miers, reducing the cultivation pollution, improving the quality of the portunus trituberculatus miers, etc.

The invention relates to a detection technology by ptssr17 microsatellite DNA markers in a blue crab. The technology is characterized in that: first, genome DNA of the blue crab is extracted and diluted to reserve; second, by utilizing a ptssr17 microsatellite core sequence in a genomic library of the blue crab, specificity primers are designed at the two ends of the sequence thereof; third, the genome DNA of different geographic groups of the blue crab or individuals in a blue crab group is processed through the PCR amplification by using the primers, and PCR products are processed through the modified polyacrylamide gel detection; finally, bands which are generated in the products are utilized for analyzing so as to determine the genotype of each individual, thereby obtaining a polymorphic map on the enormous genetic variation of the blue crab in the a ptssr17 core sequence area. The polymorphic map that the ptssr17 genetic mark gene locus of the blue crab shows the enormous genetic variation can be obtained rapidly; the method is simple and convenient; the each individual genotype of the blue crab at the locus can be detected intuitively from the obtained results. The detection technology is mainly used in the genetic marks among the blue crab groups, the genealogical identification, the genetic map construction, etc.