The invention discloses a distributed positioning device and a distributed positioning method based on a game method in a wireless sensor network and belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor positioning. The distributed positioning device comprises a node state acquiring device, a measuring distance calculator, a neighbour node set establisher, an anchor node information filter, a position strategy space generator, a node position calculator, a threshold value setter, a comparator, a node converter and a node state broadcaster. According to the distributed positioning device and the distributed positioning method disclosed by the invention, only the communication and the negotiation with neighbour nodes are needed in the positioning process, so that the load overhead for positioning can be greatly reduced and energy consumption of the positioning process is reduced. Furthermore, a game strategy space is determined by negotiating with anchor neighbour nodes before the game starts; accurate positioning conditions are determined by using continuous accurate positioning times, and thus rapid convergence of a positioning algorithm can be accelerated; the accurate positions of sensor nodes can be quickly and effectively positioned, a good performance is also realized in high-density and few-node deployed environments and a better expansibility is obtained.