189 results about "Solar energy conversion" patented technology

The invention discloses a loop heat pipe and water heat storage coupling system and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of heat storage. The system has the modes of light gathering of the light-following trough heat collector, heat conduction of the loop heat pipe, heat storage of the water storage tank and warm water irrigation by using the stored heat water. When sunlight is sufficient in the daytime, the system converts solar energy into sensible heat of water in the heat storage water tank and stores the sensible heat, and the sensible heat is insulated by soil to slow down heat loss; when plants need to be irrigated, warm water in the irrigation water tank is used for irrigation; at night or in the absence of illumination, warm water in the heat storage water tank exchanges heat with air in the greenhouse, so that a lasting and stable heat supply source is provided for the greenhouse. Solar energy collected by the heat collecting groove is efficiently transmitted into the water tank through the loop heat pipe driven by temperature difference to be converted into sensible heat of water to be stored, the sensible heat is used for increasing the greenhouse temperature and irrigating plants when heat is needed at night, and the purposes of efficiently storing heat in the daytime and continuously supplying heat at night are integrally achieved.

The invention discloses a building photovoltaic integration and air conditioning system fusion system comprising a photovoltaic power generation subsystem used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the energy storage subsystem is used for storing and releasing electric energy; the air conditioning subsystem is used for adjusting the indoor environment of the building; the intelligent management and control subsystem is in communication connection with the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, the energy storage subsystem and the air conditioner subsystem and is used for collecting operation data of the subsystems, predicting photovoltaic output and air conditioner loads and executing scene-divided energy scheduling based on a model prediction control algorithm; therefore, the cooperative operation of preferentially supplying photovoltaic electric energy to the air-conditioning subsystem, storing or grid-connecting surplus electric energy, and supplementing energy by the stored energy or the power grid when the energy is insufficient is realized. According to the system, efficient production, storage and intelligent utilization of building energy can be achieved, a novel building energy system with self-generation and self-use, residual electricity storage and coordinated regulation is constructed, and the core problems that an existing building photovoltaic and air conditioning system is poor in collaboration and low in intelligent level are solved.

The utility model discloses a shockproof device for a solar energy conversion system, which comprises a shell, a support frame is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the shell, a bracket is arranged above the support frame, and a photovoltaic panel main body is arranged on the upper surface of the bracket; a plurality of shock absorbers are connected to the outer side of the supporting frame in a sliding mode, and the shock absorbers are connected with the support; through cooperation of the air bags and the shock absorbers, when the photovoltaic panel body vibrates or collides, buffering and shock absorption work can be effectively carried out, the situation that the photovoltaic panel body is damaged due to vibration or side face collision is avoided, and the service life of the photovoltaic panel is effectively prolonged.

The invention relates to a device (10) for converting solar energy into electrical energy and thermal energy, the device (10) comprising: a main body (12) having an upper side (14) which can be oriented towards the sun, an lower side (18) which can be oriented towards a building (16), and at least one lateral side (20) which is arranged between the upper side (14) and the lower side (18); a photovoltaic module (24) forming the upper side (14) for converting the solar energy into electrical energy; and a heat exchanger (28) having a fluid chamber (44) through which a thermal fluid (46) can flow, the fluid chamber (44) adjoining the photovoltaic module (24).

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a ferroelectric enhanced core-shell structure artificial photosynthetic heterojunction catalyst, and belongs to the field of solar energy conversion and photocatalytic degradation. The invention aims to explore the technical problems of low-cost green preparation, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and photocatalytic performance improvement of the photocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1, respectively dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and iron nitrate nonahydrate in ethylene glycol in sequence, heating in a water bath, stirring, aging, transferring sol into an air dry oven, drying to obtain gel powder, grinding, transferring the powder into a muffle furnace, and calcining to obtain BiFeO3 powder (named as BFO); and 2, dissolving thioacetamide in deionized water, fully stirring, adding the BFO prepared in the step 1, transferring the solution into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, transferring the solution into a reaction kettle, carrying out heating reaction, cooling, washing, and drying to obtain the ferroelectric enhanced Bi2S3 / BFO photocatalyst with a stable heterojunction structure.

A system (100) for dual-source sustainable energy production in a vehicle (105) is disclosed A slidable solar panel (110) placed on a rooftop of the vehicle convert solar energy into electrical energy. The slidable solar panel includes a plurality of wheels (145) drag the slidable solar panel over a boot space of the vehicle for ensuring standard roof functionality. A plurality of wind fans (115) including a plurality of wind blades (120) capture the wind energy for converting into mechanical energy and at least two generators (130a, 130b) convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. An energy storage unit (135) store electricity produced from the slidable solar panel and the plurality of wind fans to extend the driving range. A solar inverter (140) converts electrical energy stored into alternating current for use by the vehicle.

1. Name of the product in this design: Photovoltaic panel. 2. Purpose of this design: This design is used for photovoltaic panels that convert solar energy into light energy. 3. The key design feature of this product is its shape. 4. The image or photograph that best illustrates the design's key features: the front view.

The utility model discloses a solar power-to-heat conversion device, which comprises a heater, a solar power generation device and a heating device, the heating medium conveying pipeline is provided with a water pump set and comprises a heating part, a water storage part and a heat dissipation part, the heating part is in butt joint with the heater, the water storage part is in butt joint with a heat preservation water storage tank, and the heat dissipation part is used for being in butt joint with heat dissipation equipment; the problem that the cost is high due to coal burning or direct electric heating is solved through the photovoltaic power generation assembly by means of solar heating, a more money-saving and environment-friendly heating mode is achieved, the heat preservation water storage tank is arranged, hot water can be stored in the heat preservation water storage tank, and it is guaranteed that heating can still be achieved at night; hot water heated in the daytime is stored through the water storage tank and then flows back into the heat dissipation equipment through the water storage part of the heating medium conveying pipeline, the heating medium conveying pipeline can be in butt joint with the water storage tank to enable the hot water to circulate under the condition that no solar energy is converted into electric energy to supply power to the heater at night, and heating at night is guaranteed.

The invention provides a wireless photochargeable electrochemical luminescence system and device and preparation and application thereof, the system comprises cyano-functionalized CN-K. The device comprises a detachable top camera obscura, a bottom unit, a reactor (containing a functionalized carbon nitride solution integrating solar energy conversion and storage and electrochemical luminescence capability) and a signal acquisition unit. Functionalized carbon nitride is utilized to realize an integrated process of photocharging, electron storage and self-luminescence: the material firstly absorbs sunlight to accumulate long-life electrons, then the accumulated electrons are used as a unique driving force to trigger a surface electrochemical luminescence reaction to realize self-luminescence, and the whole process can be monitored in real time by a signal acquisition unit; a detection signal can be read in real time through equipment such as a smart phone. The wireless self-driven electrochemical light-emitting device has the potential of multi-scene on-site instant detection, and can be applied to visual rapid screening of pollutants of outdoor water.

The utility model provides a bus station, which comprises a photovoltaic array, an energy storage device, an intelligent sensing device and a lighting device, and is characterized in that the photovoltaic array is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy in the energy storage device; the intelligent sensing device is used for controlling on-off and brightness of the lighting device, the intelligent sensing device comprises at least one of a light sensing switch and an infrared sensing switch, and the light sensing switch is used for controlling on-off of the lighting device according to surrounding illumination brightness; the infrared induction switch is used for inducting whether a person is near the bus station or not and adjusting the brightness of the lighting device according to the inducted result. In this way, the problems of high electrical load and resource waste of the bus station are solved, and the brightness of the lighting device can be intelligently adjusted, so that effective management and distribution of electric power are ensured, the problem of resource waste is effectively solved, and the resource utilization rate is improved.

1. The name of the design product: energy storage inverter integrated machine (FA1). 2. The use of the design product: a comprehensive device integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage and inverter functions. For converting solar energy into electrical energy, and storing excess electrical energy in a battery for use when needed, also with inverter function, converting DC into AC, supplying household or industrial equipment for use. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view.

The invention provides a light energy-electric energy-chemical energy coupling coal-fired unit system and an operation system. The system comprises a coal-fired power generation subsystem, a photovoltaic-thermochemistry subsystem and a Kalina circulation subsystem. The coal-fired power generation subsystem is connected with the photovoltaic-thermochemistry subsystem, and the photovoltaic-thermochemistry subsystem is connected with the Kalina circulation subsystem; the coal-fired power generation subsystem is used for basic power generation and peak regulation of the whole system; the photovoltaic-thermochemistry subsystem is used for converting solar energy into electric energy through a photovoltaic device and driving a reversible thermochemistry device based on a calcium-based compound by using the electric energy, so that conversion and storage of electric energy-heat energy-chemical energy are realized; the Kalina circulation subsystem is used for waste heat utilization of thermal chemical reaction products. The heat storage / release temperature is matched with the coal-fired system through thermochemical reaction pressure regulation and control, dynamic regulation of the Kalina cycle working medium concentration is combined, the irreversible loss of heat transfer is remarkably reduced, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency is improved.

1. Name of the designed product: photovoltaic module. 2. Use of the designed product: for converting solar energy into electric energy. 3. Design points of the designed product: in the shape of the product. 4. Picture or photo best indicating the design points: perspective view 2.

The application discloses a solar energy conversion system and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization. The system comprises a hydrogen and oxygen preparation and storage unit, a combustion and power generation unit and a flue gas treatment unit. A solar light condensation high-temperature heat collector supplies heat for a hydrogen preparation device to decompose water to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen and oxygen are stored after being cooled and compressed, and are sent into a combustion chamber to be mixed with circulating carbon dioxide to realize oxygen-rich combustion, supercritical carbon dioxide-water vapor flue gas is generated to drive a gas turbine to generate power, the flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery and condensation separation, water is returned to the hydrogen preparation in a closed loop, and the pressurized carbon dioxide is branched to control the temperature of the combustion chamber and the gas turbine, so that full circulation of the working medium and cascade heat exchange are realized. The solar hydrogen preparation and supercritical carbon dioxide circulation are deeply integrated, energy utilization rate is high, and operation is stable. The application can solve problems of intermittency of solar energy, low efficiency of a traditional system, large thermal pollution and the like, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and is good in economy.

According to the mobile photovoltaic power storage water conservancy management and control integrated system provided by the invention, the photovoltaic power storage module, the water pumping irrigation module, the flood prevention and drainage module and the water quality monitoring module are all arranged on the crawler-type mobile platform, so that the technical problems of insufficient geographical adaptability and deployment flexibility of a water conservancy management and control system in the prior art are solved; the water pumping irrigation module, the flood prevention drainage module and the water quality monitoring module are all integrated on the crawler-type mobile platform, different working modes can be selected according to actual conditions, the problem that in the prior art, a water conservancy management and control system is single in function is solved, solar energy is converted into electric energy through the photovoltaic power storage module, and the water conservancy management and control system is convenient to use. Self-sufficiency of partial energy is realized, dependence on a power grid and diesel oil is reduced, and the technical problem of high operation cost of a water conservancy management and control system in the prior art is solved.

The utility model discloses an energy-saving fluid flow detection device which comprises a filtering structure, the filtering structure is communicated with a detection structure, the detection structure is communicated with an energy-saving structure, the filtering structure comprises a water inlet pipe, a filtering assembly is detachably installed on the water inlet pipe, the filtering assembly is communicated with a first water outlet pipe, and the filtering assembly comprises a flange plate. According to the energy-saving fluid flow detection device, impurity treatment is conducted on fluid entering the detection pipe through the arrangement of the flange plate, the filter pipe and the filter basket, large-particle impurities on the ice surface collide with the micro-power-consumption sensing module, and the service life of the micro-power-consumption sensing module is affected; through the arrangement of the supporting plate, the supporting rod and the energy-saving photovoltaic panel, under the field passive environment, solar energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery body, the surface of the energy-saving photovoltaic panel is automatically cleaned through the arrangement of the top plate, the high-pressure spray head, the water conveying pipe, the water suction pump and the water storage pipe, and it is ensured that the energy-saving photovoltaic panel is in normal contact with sunlight.

The invention provides a centralized energy storage solar direct current street lamp system which comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit used for converting solar energy into direct current electric energy; the LED lighting unit is used for providing lighting; the energy storage management unit is used for managing charging and discharging of the energy storage battery; the current transformation management unit is used for carrying out bidirectional electric energy conversion between a direct current power grid and an alternating current power grid; the micro-grid control unit is used for monitoring and controlling the operation of the energy storage management unit and the current transformation management unit; through centralized energy storage and a direct-current micro-grid architecture, efficient convergence, storage and accurate distribution of distributed photovoltaic energy are realized, the problems of low efficiency, difficult maintenance and poor reliability of a traditional solar street lamp system are solved, loss caused by multiple times of alternating-current and direct-current conversion is eliminated through a full-direct-current voltage matching design, the system energy efficiency is further improved, and the system cost is reduced. Intelligent management enhances the adaptability and economical efficiency of the system.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an MXene modified TiO2 / Cd0. 3Zn0. 7S heterojunction composite photocatalyst for hydrogen production through visible light photolysis of water. The MXene modified TiO2 / Cd0. 3Zn0. 7S heterojunction composite photocatalyst is used for hydrogen production through visible light photolysis of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: etching an MAX phase (Ti3AlC2) by hydrofluoric acid to prepare Ti3C2 MXene, growing TiO2 nanosheets in situ by utilizing a hydrothermal oxidation technology, anchoring the TiO2 nanosheets on the surface of the Ti3C2 MXene to form a Ti3C2-coated TiO2 composite material, and heating and loading Cd0. 3Zn0. 7S nanoparticles in an oil bath to prepare the final composite photocatalyst. The preparation method is simple, mild in condition and low in cost, and a surfactant or a template agent does not need to be added. The prepared composite photocatalyst has excellent photocatalytic water decomposition hydrogen production performance, the hydrogen evolution rate reaches up to 48.92 mmol.g <-1 >. H <-1 > and is improved by 43.67 times and 99.83 times respectively compared with pure Cd0. 3Zn0. 7S and Ti3C2 at TiO2, the cycling stability is good, the activity is kept at 95% or above after four times of cycling, and the apparent quantum efficiency at 420 nm reaches 74.6%. The invention provides a new thought for a high-efficiency photocatalytic system, and is suitable for the fields of solar energy conversion and environment purification.

The utility model provides a double-tube wiring solar heat collection device which comprises a solar energy conversion device, a buffer solution tank, a heat storage tank and a heating tube, the solar energy conversion device comprises a solar energy silicon crystal tube and a first circulating pump, and the solar energy silicon crystal tube is filled with circulating heat conduction liquid; the first circulating pump is installed at the position, close to the buffer solution tank, of the solar silicon crystal tube, the solar silicon crystal tube comprises a heat collection section and a water return section, one end of the heat collection section is installed in the buffer solution tank, and the end, away from the buffer solution tank, of the heat collection section is fixedly connected with the end, away from the buffer solution tank, of the water return section. The heat removal area and the heat conduction path are obviously increased through the double-strip-pipe wiring structure, and compared with traditional single-strip-pipe wiring, the heat transmission efficiency is improved. Solar heat can be transferred to circulating liquid more quickly and fully, the heat collecting capacity of the solar silicon crystal tube is greatly enhanced, and the utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of nano composite material preparation, and discloses preparation and application of a ZnSe / covalent triazine framework CTF layered composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining a CTF nanosheet through a molten salt auxiliary heating polymerization method, then preparing ZnSe nano particles through a solvothermal method, and finally preparing the ZnSe / covalent triazine framework CTF layered composite material. And finally, the ZnSe / covalent triazine skeleton CTF layered composite material is obtained by adopting an ultrasonic and normal-temperature stirring induced interface self-assembly strategy. The ZnSe nano-particles are innovatively assembled on the CTF nano-sheet, so that the ZnSe nano-particles are uniformly loaded on the surface of the CTF nano-sheet, a tight contact interface is formed, and active sites and specific surface area of reaction are increased; meanwhile, the photoresponse range of the composite material is obviously increased, and the light energy utilization rate is increased, so that the ZnSe / covalent triazine skeleton CTF layered composite material has better solar energy conversion activity and wide industrial application prospect.

The utility model discloses multifunctional forest compass equipment, which relates to the technical field of compasses and comprises a compass main body, a compass cover is rotatably connected onto the compass main body in a damping manner, a fixing groove is formed in the middle of the top surface of the compass cover, a photovoltaic panel is embedded in the fixing groove, and a storage battery is arranged in the compass cover. The photovoltaic panel can convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, an illumination groove is formed in the compass body, a plurality of LED illumination lamps are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the illumination groove, the storage battery can provide power for the LED illumination lamps, a protection assembly is further arranged on the top face of the compass cover, and the compass cover is rotated by a certain angle and kept. When the compass is used at night, the LED illuminating lamp is turned on through the control switch, so that the LED illuminating lamp illuminates the dial plate of the compass main body, and by utilizing the structure, an emergency power supply can be obtained by solar power generation in emergency, so that the functionality and the practicability of the compass are improved.

A solar intelligent collision early warning mobile signal lamp relates to the field of traffic safety. In order to solve the technical defect that a signal lamp capable of realizing effective monitoring and timely early warning is not disclosed in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows: the signal lamp comprises a signal lamp main body; the solar cell panel is used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the LED signal lamp module is used for displaying traffic indication signals; the battery compartment is used for storing electric energy converted by the solar cell panel, and an intelligent signal control machine, a sensor data acquisition module and a communication module are arranged in the electronic control cabin; the sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, an acceleration sensor and a GPS positioning module which are respectively arranged at different positions of the main body; the sensor module sends acquired monitoring data to the sensor data acquisition module. The method is suitable for mobile traffic signal lamp safety control work requiring real-time monitoring and remote management.

This invention discloses a power generation system, which includes a solar energy conversion component, a pumping component, a generator component, and a valve component. The solar energy conversion component's collector converts solar energy into heat energy to heat a solar thermal cavity. Air inside the solar thermal cavity expands and is input to the first end of the housing through an outlet. The pressure generated by the expanded air acts on one end of a pneumatic pumping mechanism, driving the pneumatic pumping mechanism to move towards the second end of the housing, compressing the air inside the second end of the housing. After the air at the second end of the housing is compressed to a certain pressure value, the first valve opens, and the compressed air enters the turbine inlet of the generator component. Solar energy is converted into power to drive the pneumatic pumping mechanism to do work on the air at the second end of the housing. The resulting high-pressure gas provides power to the turbine for generating electricity, thus providing a power generation system that utilizes solar energy for thermoelectric power generation.

The application provides a self-propelled reset pneumatic wave power solar power generation charging ship, which comprises at least one pneumatic wave power generation device for converting wave energy into electric energy; the pneumatic wave power generation device comprises a power device for providing power to the pneumatic wave power generation device so that the pneumatic wave power generation device is in a preset area. A photovoltaic assembly is arranged on the pneumatic wave power generation device, and the photovoltaic assembly is used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the photovoltaic assembly comprises a fixed photovoltaic panel and a sliding photovoltaic panel; a UAV energy supplementing system is arranged on the pneumatic wave power generation device; when the UAV energy supplementing system is not working, the sliding photovoltaic panel covers the UAV energy supplementing system; when the UAV energy supplementing system is working, the sliding photovoltaic panel slides to open and expose the UAV energy supplementing system. The comprehensive utilization of wave energy and solar energy is realized, the self-propelled reset function is realized, the power generation charging ship can go to the deep sea, and the survival ability of the power generation charging ship in large waves and extreme sea conditions is improved.

The utility model relates to a self-unloading container technical field, concretely is a kind of self-unloading container structure with fixed underframe and movable vice frame unit, including box, the outside of box is provided with lid, the inside of box is provided with self-unloading component, the top of box is fixedly arranged mounting bracket, the side of mounting bracket is fixedly provided with winding motor, the transmission end of winding motor is fixedly connected with first winding wheel, the utility model winding motor starts, drives first winding wheel rotation, winding is carried out to sling by second winding wheel, sling is hoisted in the process of winding, the side of unloading vice frame is hoisted, so that the goods on unloading vice frame slide from the inside of box, realize the self-unloading of container goods, polycrystalline silicon conversion device converts solar energy absorbed by solar panel into electric energy, then is transported to storage battery and stores, storage battery can power supply for LED lamp, so that LED lamp is lighted up, when unloading, the interior illumination of container can be provided.

The present application relates to a power generation control device, a vehicle, a control method, and a storage medium. A solar ECU as a power generation control device of the present application is provided with: a solar DCDC converter connected at an input side to a solar panel mounted on a vehicle (11); an auxiliary machine DCDC converter connected at an input side to an output side of the solar DCDC converter and connected at an output side to an auxiliary battery; an adjustment section that adjusts output power of the auxiliary machine DCDC converter so that a voltage between the solar DCDC converter and the auxiliary machine DCDC converter becomes a prescribed value through control based on a prescribed control parameter; and a correction section that performs correction of the control parameter.

A floating red phosphorus-coated hollow glass microsphere photocatalyst for visible light-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen, and its preparation method, belong to the field of photocatalytic materials and solar energy conversion technology. Lightweight hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) are selected as a low-density carrier. Red phosphorus is grown and uniformly coated on the surface of the microspheres through in-situ vapor deposition, thus obtaining a floating red phosphorus-coated hollow glass microsphere RP@HGMs photocatalyst. Under sacrificial agent-free conditions, the system of this invention can achieve spatial separation of reduction and oxidation products near the two-phase interface: the reduction product (hydrogen) can quickly enter the gas phase, while the oxidation product (hydrogen peroxide) mainly remains in the liquid phase, thereby reducing the probability of adverse reactions caused by product backmixing, promoting the continuous progress of the reaction, and improving the apparent reaction efficiency.

The invention discloses a solar efficient air heating system which comprises a photovoltaic panel and a heat collection mechanism, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the lower portion of a glass plate, an air outlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of a frame, a three-way valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, one end of the three-way valve is communicated with the indoor space, the air outlet pipe penetrates through a first water tank, and an electric heating net is arranged in the first water tank. And the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the electric heating net. Solar energy is used for heating, the environment is not polluted, various daily maintenance operations are not needed, only a small amount of installation cost needs to be invested in the early stage, no cost is generated in the later stage, the service life of the device is long, the economic pressure of farmers is greatly reduced, the photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electric energy, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved. Cold water in the first water tank is heated through the electric heating net and the air outlet pipe, indoor heat supply can be achieved, the indoor heat supply can also be used for daily life of farmers, and the farmers can comfortably live in cold seasons.

The invention discloses an air conditioner external unit cover with a photovoltaic grid. The air conditioner external unit cover comprises a cover body frame, a light energy collecting system, a ventilation and heat dissipation system and an electric control box. The light energy collecting system comprises photovoltaic grating plates mounted on the front surface and the top of the cover body frame and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the ventilation and heat dissipation system comprises a plurality of axial flow fans right facing heat dissipation fins of the air conditioner outdoor unit. A current sensor and a main controller are arranged in the electric cabinet, and the ventilation and heat dissipation system is automatically controlled to be started and stopped synchronously by monitoring the working current of the air conditioner outdoor unit. Protection, power generation and intelligent heat dissipation are integrated, sunshade and rainproof protection and power generation can be provided for the air conditioner outdoor unit through the photovoltaic grating plate, auxiliary heat dissipation can be intelligently started, the operation efficiency of an air conditioner is effectively improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

1. The name of the design product: photovoltaic charging controller. 2. The use of the design product: for solar energy conversion into electrical energy, charging low-voltage batteries. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view 1.