The invention discloses a high solid content and tinctorial strength carbon black aqueous pigment paste preparation method, which comprises: respectively weighing a dispersant, a wetting agent and deionized water according to a mass percentage ratio, pre-dispersing, adding a defoaming agent, defoaming, adding carbon black, placing into grinding equipment, and grinding, wherein a ratio of the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area to the DBP oil absorption value of the carbon black is 0.9-2.28, the adding amount of the dispersant is 20-40% of the mass of the carbon black, the adding amount of the wetting agent is 1-3% of the mass of the carbon black, the adding amount of the defoaming agent is 0.1-0.2% of the total amount of the solution, the rotation speed of the grinding motor of the grinding equipment is 1000-2000 r / min, the grinding time is 2-4 h, and the maximum particle size of the prepared carbon black aqueous pigment paste does not exceed 10 [mu]m. According to the present invention, the prepared carbon black water washing pigment paste has characteristics of small particle size distribution, increase of the space stability of the carbon black particles in the aqueous solution, high solid content, strong tinctorial strength, and good stability; and the preparation method has characteristics of simple operation, low cost, low consumption, and easy industrial production.