35 results about "Vascular anatomy" patented technology

A method of and system for performing intravenous tomographic digital angiography imaging which combines the principles of intravenous digital angiography with those of cone-beam volume tomography for generating a direct, unambiguous and accurate 3-D reconstruction of stenosis and other irregularities and malformations from 2-D cone-beam tomography projections is disclosed in which several different data acquisition geometries, such as a circle-plus-arc data acquisition geometry, may be utilized to provide a complete set of data so that an exact 3-D reconstruction is obtained. Only a single IV contrast injection with a short breathhold by the patient is needed for use with a volume CT scanner which uses a cone-beam x-ray source and a 2-D detector for fast volume scanning in order to provide true 3-D descriptions of vascular anatomy with more than 0.5 lp/mm isotropic resolution in the x, y and z directions is utilized in which one set of cone-beam projections is acquired while rotating the x-ray tube and detector on the CT gantry and then another set of projections is acquired while tilting the gantry by a small angle. The projection data is preweighted and the partial derivatives of the preweighted projection data are calculated. Those calculated partial derivatives are rebinned to the first derivative of the Radon transform, for both the circular orbit data and the arc orbit data. The second partial derivative of the Radon transform is then calculated and then the reconstructed 3-D images are obtained by backprojecting using the inverse Radon transform.

The present invention tackles the challenging anatomic characteristics of the coronary artery disease in the bifurcation point and the origin of side-branch. The invention has a specifically designed angioplasty balloon catheter, particularly the balloon shape and profile, to be used in the diseased vessels at these difficult anatomic locations. In stent implanting into a coronary artery, a balloon catheter application is an inseparable requirement. A stent is a passive device that cannot be deployed in a diseased or stenosed artery without a pre-stent, with-stent and/or post-stent balloon dilatation. In majority (more than 95%) of available coronary stents, a stent is deployed by balloon expandable mode, meaning that the stent is delivered and expanded inside a vessel lumen by expanding a delivery balloon. This is done by crimping a stent over a folded balloon for delivery into a coronary artery. When expanded by balloon inflation, a stent is expanded and shaped passively by the inflated balloon shape and profile. The balloon catheter is designed to do angioplasty in the bifurcation and side-branch anatomy of coronary arteries, while minimizing the side effect. This specially designed balloon catheter is not only for balloon angioplasty dilatation of the bifurcation and side-branch anatomy, but is also for delivering and deploying specially designed bifurcation or side-branch stents into these difficult anatomic locations, as a stent delivery system.

In one form of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for producing a virtual road map of a patient's vascular anatomy for use by a surgeon while conducting a procedure on the patient's vascular anatomy, the apparatus comprising: a virtual 3D model of the patient's anatomy, wherein the virtual 3D model comprises a virtual 3D structure representing bony structure of the patient and a virtual 3D structure representing vascular structure of the patient, with the virtual 3D structure representing bony structure of the patient being in proper registration with the virtual 3D structure representing vascular structure of the patient; a fluoroscope for providing real-time images of the bony structure of the patient and a surgical device being used in the procedure; registration apparatus for placing the virtual 3D model in proper registration with the patient space of the fluoroscope; bone mask subtraction apparatus for (i) generating a bone mask of the bony structure of the patient, and (ii) subtracting the same from the real-time images provided by the fluoroscope, whereby to create modified fluoroscope images omitting bony structure; and image generating apparatus for generating the virtual road map, wherein the virtual road map comprises a composite image combining (i) images of the virtual 3D structure representing vascular structure of the patient, and (ii) modified fluoroscope images omitting bony structure, wherein the images of the virtual 3D structure representing vascular structure of the patient are in proper registration with the modified fluoroscope images omitting bony structure.

An improved angiographic catheter that allows selective catheterization of the bilateral pelvic arteries via a unilateral single common femoral arterial entry site for the purpose of introducing radioopaque iodinated contrast solutions for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The catheter has an optimal length, specific tapered and curved regions, and a progressively tapering diameter along its length. The catheter is made from a hybrid of soft, flexible hydrophilic and reinforced materials to allow for conformational changes in order to accommodate to the variety of vascular anatomy encountered in clinical angiographic practice.

A wire guide includes a mandrel that has a proximal portion and a distal portion. A first coating with a low coefficient of friction is disposed on the proximal portion of the mandrel. A second coating is disposed on the distal portion of the mandrel, where the second coating provides a sub-structure. A third coating is disposed on the second coating, where the third coating comprises a surface that allows for easy maneuverability of the wire guide. The first coating on the proximal portion provides enough lubricity to keep the wire guide from becoming bound or stuck in a catheter or medical device while still allowing a user to have a good grip of the wire guide. The second coating on the distal portion provides lubricity for the wire guide, which allows the user to easily maneuver the wire guide through a vascular anatomy.

In the present invention, an imaging system and method is provided to obtain a fusion image of a patient anatomy used as a navigational 3D roadmap to guide an interventional device into the anatomy. The fusion image fuses in real-time, fluoroscopy images taken during the interventional procedure with pre-operative CTA images, so that the operator can see the anatomy in the fluoroscopy image without having to inject contrast agent. To correct for the deformation in the anatomy from the pre-op CTA images form the insertion of interventional devices during the procedure, a 3D ultrasound image is obtained after the insertion of the devices. The 3D ultrasound images are then utilized to correct the pre-op CTA images and provide the current vascular anatomy of the patient. This updated CTA image is fused with the intra-op fluoro images to provide an accurate 3D roadmap image that matches the deformed anatomy.

The invention provides a composite aortic arch reconstruction system and a using method thereof. The system comprises a quadrifurcation vascular prosthesis and a cross arch covered stent; the vascularprosthesis comprises a vascular body, an arch upper branch communicated with the vascular body and a perfusion branch, the arch upper branch is sequentially divided into an anonyma branch, a left common carotid branch and a left collarbone lower branch, and blood vessel lumina are communicated with each other. The cross arch covered stent comprises an inner layer metal stent and an outer layer vascular cover, and conical and preflex designs which more conform to the physiological structure of an aorta of a human body are adopted. When an aortic arch surgery is carried out, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest can be avoided by means of the system to reduce the difficulties of vascular anatomy and vascular anastomosis, shorten the surgical operating time and improve the success rate of thesurgery.

The invention provides a composite type intraoperative stent system which comprises an artificial vessel capable of being anastomosed, a linear control released left subclavian artery covered stent vessel and a balloon-expandable type descending aorta covered stent artificial vessel; the artificial vessel is connected with the balloon-expandable type descending aorta covered stent artificial vessel; the left subclavian artery covered stent vessel is arranged at the connecting part of the artificial vessel and the balloon-expandable type descending aorta covered stent artificial vessel and communicates with the artificial vessel and the balloon-expandable type descending aorta covered stent artificial vessel; and the balloon-expandable type descending aorta covered stent artificial vessel is internally provided with a balloon. The composite type intraoperative stent system can shorten the operation time, reduces influence of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest on the coagulation function of a patient, lowers the difficulties of vascular anatomy and anastomosis and increase the success rate of an operation.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a covered stent and a using method thereof. The covered stent comprises an inverted-Y-shaped iliac branch main body, a first main body and a second main body. The iliac branch main body comprises a cylindrical metal support and a film covering the metal support, so do the first main body and the second main body. The far-end of the first main body is connected to the iliac branch main body, and the far-end of the second main body is connected to the near-end of the first main body. The iliac branch main body has a three-way structure, and comprises an aorta chimney and two iliac branches. The aorta chimney is connected to the far-end of the first main body. By employing the covered stent, risks of stent movement and inner-leakage caused by the butt connection of a conventional iliac stent and a bifurcation stent short leg can be avoided; the operation time is shortened; the operation difficulty is reduced, risks of complications such as blood vessel erosion, perforation and laceration can be reduced; the approach application occurrence rate can be substantially reduced; and the operation difficulty for a patient whose unilateral approach is badly tortuous and narrow is reduced. The covered stent can be placed based on a blood vessel anatomy configuration, the original iliac artery bifurcation is retained, and the contralateral intervention in a later period can be carried out more easily.

The present invention relates to modeling of vascular structures, and in particular to extracting a vessel tree from medical-images of vascular anatomy. A respective method comprises among others the steps of providing an image of at least one vessel, obtaining multiple measurements from the image for a first point of the image, and fitting a four-dimensional tensor to the measurements. Based on said four-dimensional tensor fitted to the measurements, a vessel direction in a vessel tree is determined and a model of the vascular structures is generated based on at least the determined vessel direction.

An angiogram is a study of blood vessels where an angiographic chemical contrast agent is injected while a sequence of images (typically x-rays) are obtained. The contrast pattern on the sequence of images provides information about the vascular anatomy and physiology. The discovery that contrast in blood vessels varies at cardiac frequency in magnitude and phase, which may be visualized as a spatiotemporal reconstruction of cardiac frequency angiographic phenomena, enables a set of processes for increasing the signal to noise ratio or equivalently the informational content of an angiogram. In this invention, the organization of cardiac frequency magnitude and phase enables equivalent information on anatomy and physiology to be obtained with less dose of injected chemical contrast agent, less x-ray dose, and/or less navigation of the injecting catheter within blood vessels. The cardiac frequency magnitude and phase is organized so that the arterial and venous subsystems of circulation have coherence at cardiac frequency. This enables processes for diagnosing deficits of circulation that involve alterations in the transit of blood from the arterial to the venous subsystems of circulation. Furthermore, the discovery of cardiac frequency magnitude and phase organization enables the design and manufacture of lighter and more portable angiography equipment.

The invention discloses a blood vessel stent. The blood vessel stent includes a stent main body which is of a mesh-tube-shaped structure woven by metal wires, wherein the stent main body includes a first stent segment and a second stent segment which are connected in an axial direction, and the mesh density of the first stent segment is different from that of the second stent segment. By adoptingthe blood vessel stent, regarding phlebostenosis involving inferior vena cava and iliofemoral veins, naked segments are arranged so that therapeutic effects can be improved; regarding compressed parts, a dense mesh structure with larger mesh density is arranged so that support strength and anti-extrusion performance can be improved; regarding bent parts, a sparse mesh structure with smaller mesh density is arranged so that flexibility performance and adherence performance can be improved; and regarding blood vessel anatomic forms, a variable-diameter structure is arranged and can adapt to theblood vessel forms, and therefore the blood vessel stent is suitable for blood vessels of various diameters.

The invention discloses a microscopic anastomosis training model and a vascular model preparation process for the model. The training model comprises a vascular model, a pipeline connecting system, ablood circulating pump, a base and a supporting platform; the blood circulating pump is arranged in a sealed cavity; a plurality of openings are formed in the supporting platform; the vascular model is communicated with the pipeline connecting system through a joint; and the pipeline connecting system is communicated with the blood circulating pump. The vascular model adopts a specific material and a specific manufacturing process, so that the touch feeling and the structure are close to those of real blood vessels of a human body; the microscopic anastomosis operation training model is helpful for better understanding blood vessel anatomy and anastomosis angles, directions, positions and effects, and the model is used for assisting a trainee to improve the accuracy of blood vessel anatomyseparation and suture. Moreover, after the model is displayed to the patient, the patient can visually and deeply understand physiology, anatomy, characteristics, operation schemes and the like of the neurosurgery operation.

The invention belongs to the field of medical apparatuses, and relates to a pair of anatomic separating forceps for separating vena cava root blood vessels in laparotomy. The pair of anatomic separating forceps comprises a head end separating portion, a forceps rod, a connecting device, a holding device, connecting rods, a rotating wheel and a punching piece; the pair of anatomic separating forceps is characterized in that the main bodies of two forceps blades of the head end separating portion form a right angle, and the entire separating portion forms a 120-degree arc-shaped included angle with the forceps rod; the forceps rod is hollowed and is composed of two sections, and the connecting device is arranged in the forceps rod; two flexible steel wires are arranged in the first section, and the flexible steel wires are connected to the separating portion and a spring in the second section; the two symmetrical connecting rods are hinged with the second section of the forceps rod and the holding device; the rotating wheel is arranged on the forceps rod, so that the separating portion is rotated; and the punching device is arranged on the rotating wheel and communicates with the interior of the rotating wheel and the connecting device. The pair of anatomic separating forceps provided by the invention is reasonable in structural design and strong in practicability, and the safety and the efficiency of separating the inferior vena cava root blood vessels can be improved.

The invention discloses an inferior vena cava root vascular anatomical dissecting forceps for liver surgery. The dissecting forceps comprises a forceps body, two forceps handles and a forceps head, wherein the forceps body is a cylinder; the inside of the cylinder is a cavity structure; and the two forceps handles are connected to the rear end of the forceps body and are symmetrically distributedabout the forceps body. The dissecting forceps drives a pull rod to rotate and stretch by a driving structure so as to open and close the forceps head and rotate the forceps head, and to adjust the angle of the forceps head. During inferior vena cava root vascular dissection, a surgeon can operate without twisting his/her wrist, improves operation precision, and avoids a danger caused by twistingthe wrist. The inferior vena cava root vascular anatomical dissecting forceps is convenient to use.

The invention provides a covered stent system. The covered stent system is simple in structure, clear in principle, flexible and diverse in combinations and relatively few in required stent specifications, achieves limited stent specifications and meets the requirements for different vascular anatomical structures. Various stents in a stent sub-system are fast in release, and blood flow, deep hypothermic circulatory and extracorporeal circulation do not need to be blocked, so that the surgical operation difficulty is greatly reduced, the operation time is shortened, and the perioperative mortality and complication can be greatly reduced. In addition, the operation time is shortened and the operation difficulty is reduced, so that the amount of a contrast medium can be reduced, and meanwhile, the irradiation time that a doctor and a patient are exposed to radioactive rays is significantly shortened. The covered stent system provided by the invention can achieve endovascular exclusion treatment from single-branched vessels to multibranched vessels, for example, endovascular exclusion treatment from arcus aortae and celiac trunks to renal arteries.

The invention discloses a spliced intravascular stent. The spliced intravascular stent comprises a first stent and a second stent, the first stent comprises a first body pipe, and a first connecting structure is arranged at the second end of the first body pipe. The second stent comprises a second main body pipe, and a second connecting structure is arranged at the first end of the second main body pipe; the first connecting structure and the second connecting structure are arranged in a matched mode so that the first support and the second support can be spliced into a whole. According to the technical scheme provided by the spliced intravascular stent, the first stent and the second stent can be selected to be matched and spliced according to the condition of a patient, and the spliced stent is implanted into a diseased region of the patient, so that disease treatment of the patient is realized. Therefore, the splicing type intravascular stent can adapt to blood vessel anatomical structures or different diseased regions of different patient individuals, the types and specifications of the stent are reduced, and the universality of the splicing type intravascular stent is improved.