The invention relates to the technical field of forest
damage detection and
image processing, in particular to a
system and a method for automatically detecting
plant diseases and
insect pests of a needle-leaved pure forest by fusing multi-
modal visual cognition modeling and unmanned aerial vehicle
remote sensing, which comprises the following steps: collecting
canopy images and
metadata through unmanned aerial vehicle visible light
remote sensing, and innovatively constructing a
pathological feature enhancement model; extracting a non-green area
mask through HSV color
gamut threshold segmentation, and enhancing
pathological features in combination with contrast
gain and a brightness suppression coefficient; then, a vision-language collaborative reasoning framework is constructed, enhanced vision information and
pathological description cues are fused, and zero sample recognition of diseases and
insect pests is achieved; and finally, a detection result is efficiently output through an
asynchronous processing pipeline, and the regional damage rate is calculated. According to the method, pathological feature enhancement and multi-mode reasoning are integrated, the detection precision, the positioning precision, the efficiency and the damage rate
estimation error of the method are all superior to those of a conventional model in the needle-leaved pure forest environment damaged by the pine
bark beetles, high efficiency and reliability are verified, and a new way is provided for monitoring the diseases and pests of the needle-leaved forest.