The invention relates to a bait for controlling the sterilization of female pest rats, which is characterized by comprising the following components on the basis of total 100 mass percent: 0.005 to 0.05 percent of mifeprex, 0.1 to 1 percent of edible oil, 0.1 to 5 percent of edible sugar and/or milk powder and the balance of one of unhulled rice, rice, wheat, corn, yellow bean the pea nut. The bait for controlling sterilization of the female pest rats has the advantages of long-lasting control effect, no medicament resistance, high palatability, no environmental pollution, no safety hazard andthe like, is low in cost, simple in process, suitable to be promoted to control pest rat disaster in a large range and capable of reducing the population quantity of pest rats by over 80 percent within 6 months, reduces the pregnancy rate of female rates and even completely eradicates pregnant females.