A turbocharged powder internal combustion engine is formed by a fuel tank, a rotary feed pipe, a fuel spray cylinder, a combustor, a draught fan, combustion-supporting gas inlet pipes, a turbocharger, an L-shaped exhaust pipe, a radiator, a water tank and a control box. Various kinds of biomass powder and metal powder with active chemical properties can be combusted, and intelligentized microcomputer control is adopted. The turbocharged powder internal combustion engine is stable in performance, convenient to operate, high in work efficiency, high in torque and steady in output. The turbocharged powder internal combustion engine is a novel internal combustion engine using powdered fuel and can replace an internal combustion engine combusting gas and liquid, and a new approach of replacing fossil energy with clean fuels is created.