275results about "Refining with metal oxides" patented technology

Described herein are compositions and methods for using metal oxides to upgrade oil. Metal oxides may be used as catalysts to reduce the TAN of the oil by converting carboxylic acids such as naphthenic acids into non-corrosive products. In some cases, the conversion occurs by a decarboxylation of the carboxylic acid to produce CO₂. A second process promoted by metal oxides is hydrocarbon cracking. Cracking decreases the viscosity and increases the API, and produces lower molecular-weight hydrocarbons that are useful for many fuels and lubricants. Reductions in TAN and the increases in API improve the quality of increase the value of oil.

A continuous process for upgrading sour crude oil by treating the sour crude oil in a two step process that includes a hydro-demetallization section and a hydro-desulfurization section, both of which are constructed in a permutable fashion so as to optimize the operating conditions and catalyst lifespan to produce a high value crude oil having low sulfur and low organometallic impurities.

A method for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon stream (10) containing heterocyclic sulfur compounds, which process comprises contacting the heterocyclic sulfur compounds in the gas phase (60) in the presence of oxygen (70) with a supported metal oxide catalyst, or with a bulk metal oxide catalyst (600) to convert at least a portion of the heterocyclic sulfur compounds to oxygenated products as well as sulfur-deficient hydrocarbons and separately recovering the oxygenated products separately from a hydrocarbon stream with substantially reduced sulfur.

In methods of preparing asphalt including asphalt/elastomeric polymer compositions, it has been discovered that the emission or evolution of H₂S can be reduced by adding certain H₂S scavengers to the asphalt mixture, but that not every known H₂S scavenger can be effective in this method. Particularly helpful H₂S scavengers include inorganic metal salts. Suitable inorganic or organic metal salt H₂S scavengers include, but are not necessarily limited to those where the metal of the salt is zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, nickel, platinum, iron, or magnesium, and mixtures of these salts.

The invention relates to a desulfuration and dearsenization agent, which comprises a carrier and active components; wherein, the carrier can be formed by a single carrier, or by two or more carriers, and the carrier accounts for 10-80wt% of the total weight of the desulfuration and dearsenization agent; the active components comprises 0.1-40wt% of lead oxide, 0.1-60wt% of magnetic Fe21.333O32 and0.1-40wt% of copper oxide. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the desulfuration and dearsenization agent. The desulfuration and dearsenization agent prepared by the invention has high sulfur capacity and arsenic capacity with desulfuration and dearsenization rate being higher than 99%.

A granular adsorbent composition suitable for desulfurization of cracked gasoline or diesel fuel streams is provided by adding a catalyst selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate, calcium aluminate, Calcium compounds of calcium phosphate and calcium silicate to increase porosity and improve passivation resistance, wherein said accelerator is a metal, metal oxide or metal oxide precursor, wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, manganese , copper, molybdenum, tungsten, silver, tin and vanadium or mixtures thereof, the valence of said promoter has been substantially reduced to 2 or lower. Also provided is a process for the preparation of such an adsorbent system and its use for desulfurization of cracked gasoline and diesel fuel.

A process is set forth for reacting impure toluene to obtain benzene, toluene and a para-rich xylene stream, which are substantially free of close-boiling non-aromatics. The impure toluene comprises at least 70 wt % toluene and between about 0.2 wt % and about 5 wt % close-boiling non-aromatics. The process may also comprise aromatizing a naphtha over a non-acidic catalyst. The impure toluene from the aromatization step is passed over an acidic intermediate pore zeolite to produce a para-rich xylene stream and chemically pure benzene.

Provided is a particulate sorbent composition comprising a zinc titanate support loaded with a promoter metal in a substantially reduced valence state selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, silver, tin and vanadium, or mixtures thereof , for desulfurizing a cracked gasoline or diesel fuel feed stream in a desulfurization zone by contacting said feed stream in a desulfurization zone with a particulate adsorbent composition and then subjecting the resulting low sulfur content The stream is separated from the sulfided sorbent, which is then regenerated and activated before being recycled back to the desulfurization zone.

The invention provides a high-accuracy liquid-phase dechlorinating agent. The dechlorinating agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 5-20 percent of CuO, 5-10 percent of CaO, 4-8 percent of KOH and the balance of modified activated carbon, wherein the modified activated carbon is activated carbon which is subjected to acidification and oxidation. According to the dechlorinating agent, the modified activated carbon is adopted as a carrier, the open-framework structure of the activated carbon can be optimized, the pore volume and specific surface area can be increased, the content of the oxygen-containing functional group on the surface of the activated carbon can be increased, the carrier polarity can be improved, the combination degree between the carrier and the active ingredient can be enhanced, loss of the active ingredient can be reduced, hydrogen chloride which is a polar molecule can be easily and stably adsorbed on the surface of the modified activated carbon having relatively large polarity, and the dechlorinating accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, the reaction activity of the dechlorinating agent and hydrogen chloride can be increased due to the synergistic effect of three active substances in the dechlorinating agent, and maximization of chlorine capacity of the dechlorinating agent can be effectively realized, so that the chlorine capacity of the liquid dechlorinating agent can be more than or equal to 16 percent, and the dechlorinating accuracy is lower than 0.5ppm.

The invention relates to a normal-temperature dearsenic agent as well as a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of dearsenic purifying. The normal-temperature dearsenic agent consists of active ingredients and auxiliaries, wherein the auxiliaries are one or more of a binder, a pore-forming agent and an extruding aid; the active ingredients comprise the following components: 40wt%-60wt% of manganese dioxide, 5wt%-15wt% of copper oxide and 5wt%-15wt% of zinc oxide; and content of the auxiliaries is 15wt%-20wt%. In the normal-temperature dearsenic agent disclosed by the invention, the manganese dioxide, the copper oxide and the zinc oxide with proper component content are matched, so that competing reaction of H2S and the copper oxide is restrained, and therefore, a using range of copper-series dearsenic agents is broadened, the copper-series dearsenic agents are enabled to be capable of being suitable for an H2S-contaning substance with arsenic to be removed, dearsenic activity of the dearsenic agent is ensured, dearsenic efficiency is improved, and cost of the dearsenic agent is lowered.

Attrition resistant, sorbent compositions for the removal of elemental sulfur and sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfides, from cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels are prepared by the impregnation of a sorbent support comprising zinc oxide, expanded perlite, and alumina with a promoter such as nickel, nickel oxide or a precursor of nickel oxide followed by reduction of the valence of the promoter metal in the resulting promoter metal sorbent support composition.

Compositions and processes are disclosed for removing sulfur and sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuel feedstocks. The feedstock is contacted with a regenerable sorbent such as a compound of the formula Ti_xCe_yO₂ where 0<x/y≦1 and where 0<x≦1 and 0<y≦1 capable of selectively adsorbing sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstock at about 0° C. to about 100° C. such as at about 25° C.

Sulfur is removed from a hydrocarbon fuel via contact with a desulfurization agent; the desulfurization agent is then regenerated (wherein sulfur is released) by exposing it to oxygen. The sulfur removal and regeneration processes each can be carried out at relatively moderate temperatures, e.g., from 300 to 600° C., and pressure, e.g., about 0.79 to about 3.5 MPa; and the desulfurization agent can include a transition metal oxide, such as molybdenum oxide. The process can also include the additional steps of cracking the hydrocarbon, separating high-boiling and low-boiling fractions from the reaction product and contacting the lower-boiling fraction with a secondary desulfurization agent.

The invention relates to an aromatization method for producing light aromatics, which comprises the step of making C4 hydrocarbon and C9+ heavy aromatics which are used as raw materials react with aromatization catalysts at 400 to 600 DEG C through sufficient contact under the condition without hydrogen. The method can greatly improve the yield of the light aromatics, can also reduce the dry gas yield and can provide an economic and effective path of processing remained light aromatics and heavy aromatics resources for the refinery.

Hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt or heavy fuel oil may be reduced or eliminated using an additive to act as a scavenger. Zinc, in conjunction with an additional metal selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, when present in the form of nano-particles of an oxide, borate or carboxylate is an effective component is preventing or mitigating the evolution of hydrogen sulfide. The nano-particles may be used neat or as a dispersion. These metals may also be complexed and used in the form of a solution. Molybdenum, when used with one or both of Fe and Zn is also a useful in any of these forms for the same purpose.

A doped solid acid catalyst composition comprising at least one solid acid catalyst, at least one metal promoter for solid acid catalyst (a), at least one basic dopant for solid acid catalyst (a), at least one noble metal; and, optionally, at least one refractory binder.

This invention relates to a process for reducing the Bromine Index of a hydrocarbon feedstock having less than 5 wppm oxygenates-oxygen, comprising the step of contacting the feedstock with a catalyst at conversion conditions to form a first effluent, wherein the catalyst includes a molecular sieve having a zeolite structure type of MWW.