The invention discloses a metal sheath stripping device for a rail transit cable. The device comprises a base, a fixed base plate, a stand column fixed between the base and the fixed base plate, a left motor support, a right motor support and two motors, wherein one of the two motors is mounted on the left motor support, the other motor is mounted on the right motor support, two sliding blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the left motor support in parallel, two sliding blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the right motor support in parallel, two linear guide rails are arranged on the fixed base plate in parallel and are embedded into grooves of the sliding blocks of the left motor support and grooves of the sliding blocks of the right motor support in sequence, a left baffle provided with an adjusting threaded hole is fixed on the outer side of the left motor support, a right baffle provided with an adjusting threaded hole is fixed on the outer side of the right motor support, a left connecting plate provided with a driving threaded hole is fixed on the outer side of the left baffle, a right connecting plate provided with a driving threaded hole is fixed on the outer side of the right baffle, the left connecting plate and the right connecting plate are located between the two linear guide rails, and the driving threaded holes are located below the left motor support and the right motor support. The metal sheath stripping device for the rail transit cable overcomes the difficulty in cutting and stripping of a metal sheath during detection, connection and installation of metal sheath cables, stripping efficiency is improved, and stripping of long metal sheaths is achieved.