This invention relates to the field of
sodium-
ion battery technology, specifically to a modified hard carbon material and its preparation method, a negative
electrode sheet, and a
sodium-
ion battery. The modified hard carbon material is obtained by mixing and
grinding a hard carbon precursor with
naphthalene at a
mass ratio of 5-9:1-5, followed by a two-stage heat treatment. This invention utilizes the gas-phase infiltration and high-temperature
carbonization of
naphthalene at specific temperatures. In the first stage,
naphthalene is converted into gaseous molecules. Its small
kinetic diameter allows it to penetrate deep into the micropores of the hard carbon precursor and be adsorbed under
capillary action and
pressure difference. In the second stage, naphthalene undergoes
pyrolysis, transforming in situ into an amorphous soft
carbon layer. This achieves uniform and deep filling of carbon within the micropores of the hard carbon, effectively reducing the average pore size. This not only promotes the pre-
desolvation of solvated
sodium ions but also helps to obtain an ultrathin and stable NaF-rich
solid electrolyte interface film, improving the rate performance of the material. Furthermore, this process is simple, efficient, and low-cost, which is beneficial for large-scale production.