The invention provides a caving type
gangue filling hydraulic support and a filling method, the caving type
gangue filling hydraulic support is composed of a top beam, a shield beam, a base, four stand columns connected between the top beam and the base, and a reverse four-bar linkage, the shield beam and the reverse four-bar linkage base are connected through a supporting oil cylinder, a
straddle type platform connected with the base is arranged below the shield beam, and the
straddle type platform is connected with the base. The platform is provided with a bottom-discharging type waste rock leaking scraper, and waste rock fills a goaf through waste rock leaking holes; for a top
coal caving filling working face, a filling method of
coal cutting, frame moving, forward pushing and sliding,
gangue filling,
coal caving and backward pulling and sliding is provided. The working resistance of the filling hydraulic support is large, the caving shield effectively encloses the caving rock blocks or coal blocks at the
tail of the support, a safe
enclosure space is provided for the
straddle type platform and filling, and no filling or less filling can be achieved; the straddle type platform is adopted to support the bottom discharging waste rock leaking scraper, the width of the working face and the lower filling space can be increased, parallel mining and filling operation can be achieved, and the purpose that the same fully-mechanized mining filling working face can not be filled, can also be filled less and can be filled more quickly is achieved.