The invention relates to a construction method of an invisible natural ventilation and drainage system for a thermal insulation planting roof. The construction method includes the main construction steps of grooving of a parapet wall, construction of a slope making layer A, construction of a waterproof layer A, construction of a thermal insulation layer and an air passage, installation of a ventilation pipe, construction of a waterproof layer B, construction of a rigid protective layer, construction of a planting area and construction of a decoration layer. According to the construction method, a ventilation duct is arranged in a cross grid shape in the thermal insulation layer; then, a conduit is installed circumferentially on the outer side of a rainwater hopper, and the conduit extendsinto the ventilation duct to form an invisible drainage system; the ventilation pipe is further installed in a grooving opening of the parapet wall, and a L-shaped elbow extends into the ventilation duct to form an invisible natural ventilation system; and after the construction of each structural layer of the roof is completed, the parapet wall decoration layer is constructed, and a ventilation pipe cover is installed in a S-shaped elbow. The ventilation and drainage system is reasonable in structure, easy to construct, high in drainage and waterproof performance, and good in exhaust and ventilation effect.