43results about How to "Fulfill heating needs" patented technology

The invention discloses a temperature controlled focal plane detector mechanism, which mainly solves the problem that the conventional focal plane detector mechanism cannot work under different temperature conditions. The temperature controlled focal plane detector mechanism comprises a shell, a cabinet, a detector and a detector mounting base, wherein the detector mounting base comprises a detector support plate and a cold plate; the detector support plate is fixedly connected with the cabinet; the detector is arranged on one side of the cold plate, and is provided with a temperature test sensor; the other side of the cold plate is provided with a refrigerator of which the side far from the cold plate is provided with a heat conducting device; and the heat conducting device and the cold plate isolate and seal the refrigerator. The temperature controlled focal plane detector mechanism can meet the requirements of different working temperatures of the detector; and the detector is not influenced by frosting and pollution when working in various environments (laboratories or space environments), and the environmental heat leak is effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a thermal management system of a BEV (battery electric vehicle) and an air conditioning system. The thermal management system comprises a battery pack thermostat and a water heater, wherein an inlet of the water heater is connected with an outlet of a dynamic cooling system through a first water pump, an outlet of the water heater is connected with an inlet of a heating core of the air conditioning system of the vehicle, an outlet of the heating core is connected with a first inlet of a first water tank, and an outlet of the first water tank is connected with an inlet of the dynamic cooling system; the outlet of the heating core is connected with a first inlet of the battery pack thermostat through a third solenoid valve, the heating core is used for providing a heat source for the battery pack thermostat, a first outlet of the battery pack thermostat is connected with a second inlet of the first water tank, and the first inlet of the battery pack thermostat is communicated with the first outlet. The thermal management system not only can realize the heating requirement of an air conditioner of a new energy vehicle, but also can use a small amount of electric energy, recover waste heat of a motor for reheating and realize thermal balance between a heating system and a cooling system of a battery system.

The invention relates to a precise thermal control mechanism of a focal plane detector, and the precise thermal control mechanism comprises a vacuum box body, a refrigerating assembly, a cold screen assembly, a heating assembly and a temperature collecting unit, and the precise thermal control mechanism also comprises a heat insulating layer which is arranged at the outer side of the vacuum box body and the outer side of the heating assembly, the refrigerating assembly comprises a refrigerator substrate, at least one detector refrigerator, at least one cold screen refrigerator, a heat tube assembly and a heat radiation plate. Due to the adoption of the precise thermal control mechanism, the technical problems that the quick variation of the temperature under the same working mode is difficult to realize because the temperature control of the traditional photoelectric detector thermal control mechanism mainly depends on the passive heat radiation way can be solved, a way combining the initiative refrigeration and the initiative heating is adopted, by the reasonable design of a thermal control system structure, not only is the quick variation of the temperature of the detector realized to meet the temperature requirement under different working modes, but also the temperature range can be precisely controlled, and the working reliability of the system is high.

The invention discloses a combined heat and power generation heat supply load prediction method based on multi-factor influences and a heat supply system, and belongs to the technical field of centralized heat supply. The heat supply system comprises a thermoelectric unit, a heat supply network initial station, a heat storage system, a heat supply network circulating water pump, a heat storage circulating pump, a heat release circulating pump, an electric adjusting valve, an Internet of Things flow meter, an Internet of Things temperature instrument, an Internet of Things pressure instrument and q heat supply stations, wherein q is larger than or equal to 2. According to the combined heat and power generation heat supply load prediction method based on the multi-factor influences and the heat supply system, influences of factors such as meteorological parameters, pipe network characteristics and building characteristics are comprehensively considered, so that a long-term heat load prediction model of a certain day in the future and a short-term heat load prediction model of real-time heat supply load adjustment are established, on one hand, the operation condition of a combined heat and power generation unit is reasonably arranged, and efficient adjustment of electric and heat loads of a heat source side unit is achieved; and on the other hand, accurate operation adjustment ofheat supply of the heat supply network side is achieved, and the heating requirements of heat users are effectively met, so that the problem of mismatching of electric and heat loads of the heat source side and the heat supply network side of the heat supply system is effectively solved, and accurate heat supply of the heat supply network side and efficient peak regulation of the heat source sideare achieved.

The invention discloses system and method for automatically switching the input power according to the heating power of a washing machine, relating to the field of home appliances. The system comprises a grid power input interface, an energy-storage power input interface, heating pipes, a washing machine main control unit and a display screen, wherein the display screen, the grid power input interface and the energy-storage power input interface are respectively connected with the washing machine main control unit, and the heating pipes are powered by the grid power input interface and the energy-storage power input interface at the same time or respectively under the control of the washing machine main control unit. The scheme is suitable for the electric equipment using a plurality of power supplies and can rationally match a heating control system according to the powers provided by different energies and rationally utilize various energies, thereby not only avoiding the lifespan decrease or damage of the input energy caused by mismatching between the power provided by the input energy and an electric device, but also preventing the problem that the power provided by the input energy is not enough to drive the electric device so that the predicted effect cannot be achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid vehicles, and particularly discloses a battery thermal management system of a hybrid vehicle. The system comprises a refrigerant circulation loop, a battery pack natural cooling loop, a battery pack forced cooling loop, a battery pack direct heating loop and a battery pack indirect heating loop; the working states of a plurality of three-way electronic water valves, an electronic water pump, an electric compressor, an electromagnetic expansion valve and other components are controlled through a controller, and the heating and cooling requirements of a battery pack are met. Therefore, the battery pack natural cooling loop, the battery pack forced cooler loop, the battery pack direct heating loop and the battery pack indirect heating loop are switched and matched, so the problem that the battery pack is overheated and overcooled can be effectively, quickly and energy-saving solved, the battery pack can normally work under any workingcondition, and a hybrid vehicle can obtain the environmental adaptability comparable to that of a traditional fuel vehicle.

The invention provides a heating heat pump system used in an ultralow-temperature environment. The heating heat pump system comprises a main circulation loop which is composed of a first compressor (1), a first condenser (2), a vortex tube (4) and an evaporator (7), wherein the first condenser (2) is used for exchanging heat with a first water pipe (16) to make hot water or achieve heating, and a second condenser (5) is arranged on a pipeline between the first condenser (2) and the evaporator (7). The heating heat pump system further comprises an auxiliary circulation loop which is connected with the main circulation loop in an overlying mode through the second condenser (5), wherein the auxiliary circulation loop is used for exchanging heat with a second water pipe (17) to make hot water or achieve heating. By means of the heating heat pump system, heat of refrigerant in the main circulation loop can be further absorbed, intermediate-temperate water is made through the overlying circulation loop and is supplied together with high-temperature water made through the first condenser, the temperature range of made hot water is widened, intelligent regulation of the water temperature is achieved, and different demands of different users for hot water are met; energy at the hot end of the vortex tube is effectively utilized, and the COP of the system is improved.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine grinding device. The traditional Chinese medicine grinding device comprises a shell, wherein the right end of the top of an inner cavity of the shell is fixedly connected with an ultraviolet lamp tube, the upper end of the inner cavity of the shell is movably provided with a crushing shaft, the outer surface of the crushing shaft is fixedly connected with crushing teeth, the inner cavity of the shell and the lower end of the crushing shaft are fixedly connected with a partition plate, the left end of the top of the partition plate is embedded with a heating plate, a heat conducting plate is embedded at the top end of the partition plate and positioned on the upper surface of the heating plate, a steering motor is fixedly installed at the left end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell, an output shaft of the steering motor is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, and a second supporting plate is fixedly connected at the top end of the electric telescopic rod. An output shaft of a crushing motor is in transmission connection with the crushing shaft through a belt, and the grinding effect of the device is effectively improved through an electronic scale body, the crushing teeth, the steering motor and the electric telescopic rod, so that great convenience is brought to use of people.

The invention discloses a thermal management system and a vehicle. The heat management system has a first working mode, and in the first working mode, the valve assembly is in a first preset state so that the first cooling liquid output end of the water-water heat exchanger can communicate with an inlet of the battery water pump, and an inlet of the heating water pump can communicate with the cooling liquid output end of the battery cooler; and the outlet of the warm air core body and the second cooling output end of the water-water heat exchanger are communicated with the cooling liquid input end of the battery cooler at the same time. A refrigerant flows through the water-cooling condenser to heat the cooling liquid flowing through the water-cooling condenser, and the refrigerant flowing through the water-cooling condenser flows into the battery cooler; one part of the heated cooling liquid flows into the water-water heat exchanger to heat the power battery, the other part of the heated cooling liquid flows into the warm air core to heat a passenger compartment of the vehicle, and then all the cooling liquid converges and flows into the battery cooler to transfer heat to a refrigerant flowing through the battery cooler.

The invention relates to a plate rolling process heating device and method. The plate rolling process heating device comprises a movable induction coil assembly for overall heating, a crawler-type induction coil assembly for heat supplementing, a first thermodetector, a second thermodetector and plate shape instruments. A conveyor belt is used for driving a plate to move at a uniform speed on a production line, and overall induction coils and the crawler-type induction coil assembly are used for carrying out preliminary heating and heat supplementing on the plate, so that the overall plate reaches the optimal rolling temperature. The crawler-type induction coil assembly moves synchronously with the plate, and the thermodetectors and the plate shape instruments detect the surface temperature and shape of the plate in real time, so that point-to-point accurate heat supplementing of small coils in the heating process is realized, the phenomenon of overlarge local temperature difference caused by poor plate shapes, center waves, plate shape changes in the heating process and other uneven plate surface shapes is reduced, the plate is accurately and evenly heated before rolling, ideal temperature distribution is achieved, the heating requirements of the plate in different rolling stages are met, and the rolling quality is improved.

The invention discloses a heat pump heating device. The heat pump heating device comprises a heat pump host, at least one integrated heat exchanger module and at least one heating tail end; the heat pump host is connected with the integrated heat exchanger modules through coolant pipelines; the integrated heat exchanger modules are connected with the heating tail ends through heating pipelines; and heat carriers of the coolant pipelines carry out heat exchange with heat carriers of the heating pipelines in the integrated heat exchanger modules. A heat supply mode can be effectively transformedon the basis of the original heating tail ends, and the transforming cost is reduced. The embodiment of the invention further provides a heat supply system.

The invention relates to a compressor oil return device, an air conditioning system and an oil return control method. The compressor oil return device comprises a double-suction double-exhaust compressor, and an oil separator and an oil return component which are connected to the double-suction double-exhaust compressor, wherein the oil return component comprises an oil return valve and a connecting pipe; the oil return valve comprises a valve body, a valve needle, a fixed block and a sliding block; the fixed block is fixedly connected into the valve body; the fixed block divides the valve body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the sliding block is arranged in the lower cavity and located below the fixed block; a middle cavity is arranged between the sliding block and the fixed block; a flow channel communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity is arranged in the middle cavity; and the valve needle matched with the flow channel is arranged under the flow channel. The length of the valve needle extending into the flow channel is changed through vertical sliding of the sliding block in order to achieve adjustment of the oil return amount. The oil return valve is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to use, the problems of high oil discharge rate and difficult lubricating oil return in a direct exhaust compression cylinder of the double-suction double-exhaust compressor can be effectively solved, the abrasion of the compressor is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

The invention discloses a heating device and a rolling device for online rolling of a thick steel plate and a rolling method thereof, and belongs to the field of rolling. The heating device comprisesan alternating current power supply, an upper coil and a lower coil, wherein the upper coil is located just above the lower coil; the left and right sides of the upper coil are respectively bent to the lower coil, and / or the left and right sides of the lower coil are respectively bent to the upper coil; a channel through which a to-be-rolled thick steel plate can pass is formed between the upper coil and the lower coil; and the alternating current power supply is used for respectively supplying power to the upper coil and the lower coil. According to the heating device, the power supply is controlled to input same or opposite phase current to the special coils, so that super-audio frequency induction heating and medium-frequency induction heating are respectively performed at different stages of the online rolling process of the thick steel plate, the thick steel plate is efficiently and uniformly heated before rolling, finally, the heating requirements of the different stages of the online rolling process of the thick steel plate are realized, and the rolling quality and efficiency of the thick steel plate are greatly increased.

The invention discloses a food flat screening machine which comprises a shell. An air blower is fixedly installed at the left end of the bottom of the shell. A second partition plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the bottom of the shell. The inner surface of the second partition plate is slidably connected with a second storage box. A first partition plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of an inner cavity of the shell. The inner surface of the first partition plate is slidably connected with a first storage box. The bottom of the first partition plate is fixedly connected with heating wires. A supporting plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the left side of the inner cavity of the shell. According to the flood flat screening machine, the second partition plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the bottom of the shell, the first partition plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the shell, through functions of a suction ventilator, pipelines and a dust collecting box, the requirement of people for sucking dust generated in the screening process can be met, and the problems that in the food screening process, a large amount of dust is generated, environment pollution is caused, and physical health of people is threatened are solved.

The invention provides a heating structure for a pipeline and a pipeline using the same. The heating structure can heat the surface of the pipeline evenly and is good in heat conduction effect, low in energy consumption and long in service life. The invention further provides a water pipe for a solar water heater using the heating structure, a smoke sampling pipe using the heating structure, and an oil pipe for a diesel engine using the heating structure. The heating structure comprises a heating layer covering the outer wall of the pipeline, wherein two parallel electrified buses are arranged between the heating layer and the outer wall of the pipeline, the heating layer comprises an electric heating wire which is evenly wound around the outer wall of the pipeline in the length direction of the pipeline, the electrified buses are bound and attached to the outer wall of the pipeline through the electric heating wire, the periphery of each electrified bus is coated with a bus insulating layer, notches are formed in each bus insulating layer at intervals in the length direction of the electrified bus, the electrified buses are exposed from the notches, and the portions, provided with the notches, of each electrified bus make contact with the electric heating wire.

The invention provides a heat source tower heat pump multi-split system. The system comprises a heat source tower, a heat pump main machine and at least two indoor units; the heat pump main machine comprises a four-way valve, a compressor, a main machine heat exchanger and a solution pump; one end of a heat source liquid pipeline in the main machine heat exchanger is in communication with an inputend of the heat source tower through the solution pump, and the other end of the heat source liquid pipeline in the main machine heat exchanger is in communication with an output end of the heat source tower; each indoor unit comprises an indoor heat exchanger and an expansion valve; and one end of a refrigerant pipeline in each indoor heat exchanger is in communication with an E pipe of the four-way valve, and the other end of the refrigerant pipeline in each indoor heat exchanger is in communication with one end, which is not in communication with the main machine heat exchanger, of the expansion valve. According to the heat source tower heat pump multi-split system, the requirements of refrigeration and heat supply can be met at the same time by one system, the efficient and energy-saving operation can be realized all the year, and meanwhile, the problem of automatic detection of the anti-freezing fluid concentration of the heat source tower heat pump system is solved.

The invention discloses a split type heating platform used for cavity direct-insertion type metallic packaging. The split type heating platform comprises a middle combined frame, a heat conduction module positioned in the middle combined framework, and a heating base positioned at the bottom of the middle combined frame and used for heating the heat conduction module. The split type heating platform provided by the invention is high in structural universality; due to the combinations of heat conduction strips of different widths and wedge-shaped insertion blocks, the heating requirements of cavity direct-insertion type circuits of different sizes can be satisfied; one set of die can be matched with production placement positions of different spans, so that the heating requirement of the cavity direct-insertion type electronic products of different sizes can be satisfied separately; and in addition, the split type heating platform can realize effective avoidance to packaging pins, and is high in heat conduction efficiency, and flexible in operation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining equipment, and in particular relates to a motor insulation drying cabinet with a double-suspension-door structure . The device is characterized by comprising a heating cabinet concave machine body, a chamfer suspended door and a convex suspended door, wherein the chamfer suspended door and the convex suspended door are respectively connected with the concave machine body of the heating cabinet through one-way thrust floating door shafts. The concave machine body of the heating cabinet comprises a box body, a concave ceiling arranged on theupper portion of the box body and a machine body base. The concave ceiling is provided with a trapezoidal groove. The convex suspended door is provided with a trapezoidal convex edge and a bevel edgeI. The chamfer suspended door is provided with a bevel edge II. The trapezoidal convex edge is in butt joint with the trapezoidal groove. The bevel edge I is in butt joint with the bevel edge II. Dueto the design of the double suspended doors, heating parts are easy to hoist, and internal parts of the heating cabinet are convenient to place. Compared with a traditional heating cabinet, the heating cabinet reduces the placing space. After heating is finished, the double suspended doors are opened, and an open platform can be formed on the heating cabinet base. Temperature diffusion in the cabinet after heating is facilitated, and the risk that maintainers work in a high-temperature environment is avoided.

The invention discloses a solar energy and heat source tower heat pump combined triple supply air-conditioning system which comprises a heat source tower heat pump air-conditioning system, a solar energy and condensation heat recycling and conventional heating hot water system, a residual recycling and storage system and a heat source tower heat supply promoting system. According to the invention, an air conditioner and a domestic hot-water system can run in a stable and energy-saving mode under different working conditions, electric auxiliary heating or fossil energy source combustion are not required in heat supplying. The solar energy and heat source tower heat pump combined triple supply air-conditioning system is suitable for central air conditioners and central hot water systems in most areas.

The invention discloses system and method for automatically switching the input power according to the heating power of a washing machine, relating to the field of home appliances. The system comprises a grid power input interface, an energy-storage power input interface, heating pipes, a washing machine main control unit and a display screen, wherein the display screen, the grid power input interface and the energy-storage power input interface are respectively connected with the washing machine main control unit, and the heating pipes are powered by the grid power input interface and the energy-storage power input interface at the same time or respectively under the control of the washing machine main control unit. The scheme is suitable for the electric equipment using a plurality of power supplies and can rationally match a heating control system according to the powers provided by different energies and rationally utilize various energies, thereby not only avoiding the lifespan decrease or damage of the input energy caused by mismatching between the power provided by the input energy and an electric device, but also preventing the problem that the power provided by the input energy is not enough to drive the electric device so that the predicted effect cannot be achieved.

The invention discloses a PTC parallel flow heater which comprises a distribution tube, a collector tube, n hybrid tubes and (n+1) heat exchange tube sets. One end of the distribution tube is communicated with a liquid inlet. One end of the collector tube is communicated with a liquid outlet. Each hybrid tube is provided with a first opening and a second opening. Each heat exchange tube set comprises a plurality of flat heat exchange tubes arranged at intervals in parallel. A set of PTC heating component is arranged between any two adjacent flat heat exchange tubes. When n is equal to 1, one end of one heat exchange tube set is communicated with the other end of the distribution tube, one end of the other heat exchange tube set is communicated with the other end of the collector tube, and the other ends of the two heat exchange tubes are communicated with the hybrid tubes. When n is larger than 1, one end of the first heat exchange tube set and one end of the second heat exchange tube set are communicated with the other end of the distribution tube and the other end of the collector tube, the other end of the first heat exchange tube set and the other end of the second heat exchange tube set are communicated with the first opening or the second opening of one hybrid tube, and the two ends of the other heat exchange tube sets are communicated with two hybrid tubes. The PTC parallel flow heater is higher in heating efficiency, and the temperature of the water outlet is more stable.

The invention provides a hybrid heat source heat supply device in a building. The hybrid heat source heat supply device comprises a solar heat collector, a heat accumulator, a heating radiator, a heat exchanger, a biogas fermentation tank and a combustor, wherein a first heat accumulation chamber and a second heat accumulation chamber are arranged in the heat accumulator, and a heater is arranged outside the heat accumulator; heat exchange pipes are annularly arranged outside the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber and communicate with the heater; the solar heat collector communicates with the second heat accumulation chamber and the first heat accumulation chamber; the combustor communicates with the biogas fermentation tank; the water supply end of the combustor communicates with a tap water pipeline and the second heat accumulation chamber, and the water outlet end of the combustor communicates with the second heat accumulation chamber and the first heat accumulation chamber; the heat accumulator communicates with a heat supply water outlet pipeline through the first heat accumulation chamber, and the second heat accumulation chamber communicates with a heat supply water return pipeline; and the heating radiator and the heat exchanger are connected between the heat supply water outlet pipeline and the heat supply water return pipeline in parallel. By means of the hybrid heat source heat supply device, the problem that the heat supply requirement of a centralized heating area cannot be met can be solved, the defect of supply interruption during single-energy heat supply is overcome, multiple kinds of energy are mixed for heat supply, and the heat supply effect is good.

The invention discloses a cosmetic storage box with a humidifying function. The cosmetic storage box comprises a box body, a cover plate and an adjusting mechanism; a cosmetic containing groove is formed in the left end of the top of the box body; the adjusting mechanism is arranged in an inner cavity of the cosmetic containing groove; a water storage tank is arranged at the right end of an innercavity of the box body; a heating plate is embedded in the lower end of the left side of the water storage tank in the inner cavity of the box body; and an atomizer is fixedly mounted at the middle end of the bottom of an inner cavity of the water storage tank. The water storage tank is arranged at the right end of the inner cavity of the box body; through the effect of the atomizer, a pipeline and a spray head, water is injected into the water storage tank from a water injection hole by a person, and then the atomizer is started through a PLC; the atomizer atomizes the water in the water storage tank into water mist and the water mist is sprayed out from the spray head through the pipeline; and the person enables the face to be close to the spray head, so that the moisturizing or humidifying requirement of the face can be met, the function diversity of the cosmetic storage box is effectively improved, and the great use convenience is brought to the person.

The invention discloses a heat pump air-conditioning system and an electric vehicle. The system includes a compressor, an indoor condenser, an indoor evaporator, an outdoor heat exchanger and a battery pack with an evaporator inside. The compressor communicates with the indoor condenser. The ground of the condenser communicates with the outdoor heat exchanger through the first throttling branch or the first flow branch, and the ground of the outdoor heat exchanger communicates with the compressor through the second throttling branch or with the indoor air through the second throttling branch. The evaporator is connected, the indoor evaporator is connected with the compressor, the evaporator in the battery pack is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor evaporator by the on or off battery cooling branch, and the on or off battery heating branch It communicates with the compressor; the evaporator in the battery pack communicates with the compressor through the on or off battery cooling return branch, and communicates with the indoor condenser through the on or off battery heating return branch. As a result, heating energy efficiency can be improved, and the air-conditioning system can be used to heat or cool the battery pack.

The invention relates to a precise thermal control mechanism of a focal plane detector, and the precise thermal control mechanism comprises a vacuum box body, a refrigerating assembly, a cold screen assembly, a heating assembly and a temperature collecting unit, and the precise thermal control mechanism also comprises a heat insulating layer which is arranged at the outer side of the vacuum box body and the outer side of the heating assembly, the refrigerating assembly comprises a refrigerator substrate, at least one detector refrigerator, at least one cold screen refrigerator, a heat tube assembly and a heat radiation plate. Due to the adoption of the precise thermal control mechanism, the technical problems that the quick variation of the temperature under the same working mode is difficult to realize because the temperature control of the traditional photoelectric detector thermal control mechanism mainly depends on the passive heat radiation way can be solved, a way combining the initiative refrigeration and the initiative heating is adopted, by the reasonable design of a thermal control system structure, not only is the quick variation of the temperature of the detector realized to meet the temperature requirement under different working modes, but also the temperature range can be precisely controlled, and the working reliability of the system is high.

The invention discloses an oil return device and oil return method of a compressor for a dual-temperature air conditioner and an air conditioning system. The oil return device comprises a double-suction double-discharge compressor, an oil separator and an oil return assembly, wherein the oil return assembly comprises an oil return control valve and a connecting pipe. The oil return device is characterized in that the oil return control valve comprises a shaft, a valve needle, a valve body and a valve seat, wherein the valve body is sleeved with a sleeve; core irons are arranged on the inner wall of the valve body; the shaft is arranged in the middle of the valve body and positioned between the core irons; the lower end of the shaft is connected with the valve needle; the valve seat is arranged at the lower end of the valve body; the valve needle is matched with an inner cavity of the valve seat; an outlet connecting pipe is arranged at the lower end of the valve seat; and the side wallof the valve body is connected with an inlet connecting pipe. The problems that the double-suction double-discharge compressor directly exhausts oil, oil discharging rate in a compression cylinder ishigh, lubricating oil is difficult to return, oil is returned by controlling an adjusting valve, and control is complex can be solved; and the requirement of step heating or refrigerating of indoor air is met, the abrasion of the compressor is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.