The invention discloses an obstacle-avoidable traction type orchard weeding machine and method. The obstacle-avoidable traction type orchard weeding machine comprises traction rods, a rack, a connection pin, pesticide chest fixed clips, a pesticide chest, hydraulic cylinders, U-shaped plastic cover connection rods, U-shaped plastic covers, rectangular plastic covers, bent rods, dustproof covers, spring rods, control arms, flange discs, round plastic covers, pesticide nozzles, adjusting screws, motor fixed frames, motors, weeding cutters, diaphragm pumps, wheels, a rubber strip, a liquid path distribution valve, a liquid path distribution valve water inlet pipe, pesticide chest water outlet pipes, a pesticide chest reflowing pipe, a No.1 water outlet pipe, a No.2 water outlet pipe, a No.3 water outlet pipe, a No.4 water outlet pipe, a No.5 water outlet pipe, a No.6 water outlet pipe and a No.7 water outlet pipe. According to the obstacle-avoidable traction type orchard weeding machine, a hydraulic retracting mechanism, a pesticide spraying and weeding mechanism, an obstacle avoiding mechanism, a cover mechanism and a folding mechanism are additionally arranged, so that the aim of intelligently and accurately weeding an orchard is realized.