The invention discloses a phosphine-containing benzophenone organic light-emitting material, a synthesis method and applications thereof, wherein the molecular general formula is Ar-Ar'-R, Ar is a phosphine-containing functional group, Ar' is benzophenone, and R is alkane, halogen, aromatic ring or aromatic heterocyclic substituent, and the like. According to the present invention, the synthesis method has advantages of simple process and easy purification, and the synthesized light-emitting material has good electron transmission performance and high fluorescence quantum efficiency, is suitable for preparing the light-emitting layer or electron transmission layer in organic electroluminescent devices, and can further be adopted as the light-emitting material and the electron transmission material in OLEDs, wherein the two layers in the classic OLEDs structure are integrated into one layer so as to simplify the OLEDs device structure and the preparation process; and the light-emitting material of the present invention specifically responds to oxygen, metal ions and the like, and is suitable for use in chemical detection, biological detection, biological imaging, anti-counterfeiting, and other fields.