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260 results about "Biological neural network" patented technology
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A neural circuit is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated. Neural circuits interconnect to one another to form large scale brain networks. Biological neural networks have inspired the design of artificial neural networks, but artificial neural networks are usually not strict copies of their biological counterparts.
Disclosed are methods and systems for optimized deep or superficial deep-brain stimulation using multiple therapeutic modalities impacting one or multiple points in a neural circuit to produce Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD). Also disclosed are methods for treatment of clinical conditions and obtaining physiological impacts. Also disclosed are: methods and systems for Guided Feedback control of non-invasive deep brain or superficial neuromodulation; patterned neuromodulation, ancillary stimulation, treatment planning, focused shaped or steered ultrasound; methods and systems using intersecting ultrasound beams; non-invasive ultrasound-neuromodulation techniques to control the permeability of the blood-brain barrier; non-invasive neuromodulation of the spinal cord by ultrasound energy; methods and systems for non-invasive neuromodulation using ultrasound for evaluating the feasibility of neuromodulation treatment using non-ultrasound / ultrasound modalities; neuromodulation of the whole head, treatment of multiple conditions, and method and systems for neuromodulation using ultrasound delivered in sessions.
Coupling of excitation to neurogenesis in proliferating post-natal NPCs is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Neurogenesis is potently enhanced by excitatory stimuli, and involves Cav1.2 / 1.3 channels and NMDA receptors. These Ca2+ influx pathways are located on the proliferating NPCs, allowing them to directly sense and process excitatory stimuli. Excitation increases the fraction of NPC progeny that are neurons, and increases total neuron number. Signaling in this pathway leads to rapid induction of a proneural geneexpression pattern involving the bHLH genes HES1, Id2, and NeuroD, and the resulting cells become fully functional neurons defined by neuronal morphology, expression of neuronal structural proteins, expression of neuronal TTX-sensitive voltage gated Na+ channels, and synaptic incorporation into active neural circuits.
An information processingsystem having neuron-like signal processors that are interconnected by synapse-like processing junctions that simulates and extends capabilities of biological neural networks. The information processing systems uses integrate-and-fire neurons and Temporally Asymmetric Hebbian learning (spike timing-dependent learning) to adapt the synaptic strengths. The synaptic strengths of each neuron are guaranteed to become optimal during the course of learning either for estimating the parameters of a dynamic system (system identification) or for computing the first principal component. This neural network is well-suited for hardware implementations, since the learning rule for the synaptic strengths only requires computing either spike-time differences or correlations. Such hardware implementation may be used for predicting and recognizing audiovisual information or for improving cortical processing by a prosthetic device.
A robotic architecture for capturing the autonomous performance advantages the animal models enjoy in the natural environment is disclosed. A biomimesis process is employed to allow selective utilization of basic physical components and adaptation of a common control paradigm for each of different vehicle types. The biomimetic architecture involves five functional elements: a basic biomorphic plant for capturing the biomechanical advantages of the model organism; a neural circuit-based controller consisting of a finite statemachine; myomorphic actuators producing linear graded force in response to trains of current pulses for mediating movements; labeled line code output by neuromorphic sensors; and a reactive behavioral sequencer executing command sequences defined within a behavioral library.
Provided is a neural network optimization method based on a floating number operation inline function library, wherein the model of neural unit is Y=1 / (1+exp(-Sigma wi*xi)). The value range of i is 1 to n, and n is the number of neural units. The floating-point operations inline function is structured in a dikaryon chip, namely, function library IQ math Library. In the neural network optimization method based on a floating number operation inline function library, except that the step _IQ(x[i]) is carried out in circulation, the rest steps are all carried out outside the circulation body, and the efficiency of the execution of all the steps as a whole is greatly improved compared with a floating point arithmetic. The neural network optimization method based on a floating number operation inline function library optimizes the transplant of back propagation (BP) neural network ontranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 3206464T, and the accuracy of a result is decided through a beginning decimal calibration. On the premise of guaranteeing the accuracy of the result does not influence the recognition rate, BP network awareness efficiency is greatly improved.
The invention provides microfabricated devices and methods for directing the growth of a cell process to form an artificial synapse. The devices are called artificial synapse chips. The artificial synapse comprises a nanofabricated aperture (about 50–100 nm in size) that connects the cell process to a chemical or electrical means of neuronal excitation. Such an aperture width mimics the length scales of a natural synapse and thus emphasizes the localized spatial relationship between a neuron and a stimulation source. The invention further provides devices and methods for regenerating a nerve fiber into an electrode. The invention thus provides a regeneration electrode that uses a novel neural interface for stimulation and that uses novel surface methods for directing neuronal growth making possible in vivo connection of the devices to neural circuitry in a retina and other anatomical locations.
It is the purpose of this invention to provide methods and systems for non-invasive deep brain neuromodulation using ultrasound for the treatment of anorgasmia, hypo-orgasmia, and for the production of orgasms (Orgasmatron). This can include impacting one or multiple points in a neural circuit to produce Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD). The ultrasound transducers are attached at fixed positions on a holder. Use of ancillary monitoring or imaging to provide feedback is optional. Control of the ultrasonic transducers includes control of direction of the energy emission, intensity, frequency, and phase / intensity relationships to targeting and accomplishing up-regulation and / or down-regulation.
Radiosurgical techniques and systems treat behavioral disorders (such as depression, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (“OCD”), addiction, hyperphagia, and the like) by directing radiation from outside the patient toward a target tissue within the patient's brain, typically without imposing surgical trauma. The target will often be included in a neural circuit associated with the behavioral disorder. A cellularly sub-lethal dose of the radiation may be applied and the radiation can mitigate the behavioral disorder, obesity, or the like, by modulating the level of neural activity within the target and in associated tissues. Hypersensitive and / or hyperactive neuronal tissue may be targeted, with the radiation downwardly modulating hyperactive neuronal activity. By down-regulating the activity of a target that normally exerts negative feedback or a limiting effect on a relevant neural circuit, the activity of the circuit may be increased.
Disclosed are methods and devices for ultrasound-mediated non-invasive deep brain neuromodulation impacting one or a plurality of points in a neural circuit using intersecting ultrasound beams. Depending on the application, this can produce short-term effects (as in the treatment of post-surgical pain) or long-term effects in terms of Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD) to treat indications such as neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Multiple beams intersect and summate at one or a plurality of targets. The ultrasound transducers are used with control of direction of the energy emission, intensity, frequency (carrier frequency and / or neuromodulation frequency), pulse duration, pulse pattern, and phase / intensity relationships to targeting and accomplishing up-regulation and / or down-regulation.
Disclosed are methods and systems and methods for patient-feedback control of non-invasive deep brain or superficial neuromodulation using sound impacting one or multiple points in a neural circuit to produce acute effects and, with application in multiple sessions, Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD) to treat indications such as neurologic and psychiatric conditions. One or more of sonic transducer positioning, intensity, frequency, dynamic sweeps, phase / intensity relationships, and firing patterns are changed through feedback from the patient to optimize patient experience through up-regulation or down regulation. Examples are decreases in acute pain or tremor due to more effective impact on the neural targets.
Disclosed are methods and systems for optimized deep or superficial deep-brain stimulation using multiple therapeutic modalities impacting one or multiple points in a neural circuit to produce Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD). Also disclosed are methods for treatment of clinical conditions and obtaining physiological impacts. Also disclosed are: methods and systems for Guided Feedback control of non-invasive deep brain or superficial neuromodulation; patterned neuromodulation, ancillary stimulation, treatment planning, focused shaped or steered ultrasound; methods and systems using intersecting ultrasound beams; non-invasive ultrasound-neuromodulation techniques to control the permeability of the blood-brain barrier; non-invasive neuromodulation of the spinal cord by ultrasound energy; methods and systems for non-invasive neuromodulation using ultrasound for evaluating the feasibility of neuromodulation treatment using non-ultrasound / ultrasound modalities; neuromodulation of the whole head, treatment of multiple conditions, and method and systems for neuromodulation using ultrasound delivered in sessions.
A method of training a biological neural network using a controller, comprising:applying a cycle comprising:stimulating a neural network by said controller applying at least an input signal to the network;detecting an output response of the network by said controller; andmodifying said stimulation by said controller for at least a period of time if said response matches a desired at least approximate response; andrepeating said cycle of stimulation, detection and modification at least one more time until said neural network is trained to generate a desired output response for said input signal.
Disclosed are methods and devices for ultrasound-mediated non-invasive deep brain neuromodulation impacting one or a plurality of points in a neural circuit using patterned inputs. These are applicable whether the ultrasound beams intersect at the targets or not. Depending on the application, this can produce short-term effects (as in the treatment of post-surgical pain) or long-term effects in terms of Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD) to treat indications such as neurologic and psychiatric conditions. The ultrasound transducers are used with control of frequency, firing pattern, and intensity to produce up-regulation or down-regulation.
Disclosed are methods and systems for treatment planning for deep brain or superficial neuromodulation using ultrasound and other treatment modalities impacting one or multiple points in a neural circuit to produce acute effects or Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD) to treat indications such as neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Ultrasound transducers or other energy sources are positioned and the anticipated effects on up-regulation and / or down-regulation of their direction of energy emission, intensity, frequency, firing / timing pattern, and phase / intensity relationships mapped onto the recommended treatment-planning targets. The maps of treatment-planning targets onto which the mapping occurs can be atlas (e.g., Tailarach Atlas) based or image (e.g., fMRI or PET) based. Atlas and imaged-based maps may be representative and applied directly or scaled for the patient or may be specific to the patient.
Disclosed are devices for producing shaped or steered ultrasound for non-invasive deep brain or superficial neuromodulation impacting one or a plurality of points in a neural circuit. Depending on the application this can produce short-term effects (as in the treatment of post-surgical pain) or long-term effects in terms of Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) or Long-Term Depression (LTD) to treat indications such as neurologic and psychiatric conditions. The ultrasound transducers are used with control of direction of the energy emission, control of intensity, control of frequency for up-regulation or down-regulation, and control of phase / intensity relationships for focusing on neural targets.
The invention provides a deep brain stimulation FPGA experimental platform of a basal ganglia and thalamencephalon network for the parkinson's disease. The experimental platform comprises an FPGA development board and an upper computer, which are connected with each other; the FPGA development board is used for realizing a basal ganglia and thalamencephalonneuron network model and a deep brain stimulation controller; the upper computer is used for designing an upper computer software interface and being communicated with the FPGA development board. The experimental platform has the benefits that as an animal-free experiment means of a biological neural network, and on the basis of the high-speed computation FPGA neuron network, the experimental platform realizes the modeling of the neuron network of a complex parkinson's diseasefocus area, and the neuronnetwork model can be consistent with real biological neuron on a time scale. The platform provides a visual research platform, closer to the real neuron network, for researching the discharging mechanism of the parkinson's disease and the abnormal discharging mode of the basal ganglia and thalamencephalonneuron network controlled by deep brain stimulation, and has a significant practical value in researching the treatment of the parkinson's disease.
The present invention relates to methods for searching and constructing a 3D motif image database, wherein said 3D motif image database can be used to understand the connection relationship of a 3D network, e.g. a neural network comprising biological neural networks or artificial neural networks. The searching and constructing methods are applied on the 3D motif image database, a proper computer-aided graphic platform. The database not only facilitates the management of the huge amount of categorized data but also rationally excavates the hidden information cloaked within.
Coupling of excitation to neurogenesis in proliferating post-natal NPCs is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Neurogenesis is potently enhanced by excitatory stimuli, and involves Cav1.2 / 1.3 channels and NMDA receptors. These Ca2+ influx pathways are located on the proliferating NPCs, allowing them to directly sense and process excitatory stimuli. Excitation increases the fraction of NPC progeny that are neurons, and increases total neuron number. Signaling in this pathway leads to rapid induction of a proneural geneexpression pattern involving the bHLH genes HES1, Id2, and NeuroD, and the resulting cells become fully functional neurons defined by neuronal morphology, expression of neuronal structural proteins, expression of neuronal TTX-sensitive voltage gated Na+ channels, and synaptic incorporation into active neural circuits.
Provided herein are multi-electrode probe / microsystem designs that readily allow recording with multiple electrodes simultaneously, and of two spatially distinct brain regions at the same time. Also provide are methods and processes for manufacturing the probes.
The invention relates to a shift register, comprising a plurality of shift register cells which are electrically connected in sequence; and each shift registercell comprises an input circuit and an output circuit. The input circuit is used for providing a reference power level for the output circuit under the control of the former and the next shift register cells. The output circuit is used to provide a pulse for an external circuit under the control of external clocksignal or counter-clocksignal and the reference power level and to provide a startup pulse for the next shift register cell and a stop pulse for the former shift register cell.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a recombinant pseudorabiesvirus for expressing reverse neural circuit tracing of green fluorescin with high sensitivity, and application, including (1) the preparation of the recombinant pseudorabiesvirus for expressing green fluorescin with high sensitivity; (2) the application to marking of a neural circuit. The recombinant pseudorabiesvirus for expressing the green fluorescin with high sensitivity is successfully prepared by using a platform. The recombinant pseudorabies virus for expressing reverse neural circuit tracing of green fluorescin with high sensitivity is successfully obtained. Wide application value is realized in aspects of neural circuit marking, medicine screening platform building, medicine inhibition virus action mechanism, viral vaccine and diagnostic reagent invention and development, animal model building, virus replication, pathogenic mechanism analysis and the like.
Embodiments relate to a neural processor circuit including a plurality of neural engine circuits, a data buffer, and a kernel fetcher circuit. At least one of the neural engine circuits is configured to receive matrix elements of a matrix as at least the portion of the input data from the data buffer over multiple processing cycles. The at least one neural engine circuit further receives vector elements of a vector from the kernel fetcher circuit, wherein each of the vector elements is extracted as a corresponding kernel to the at least one neural engine circuit in each of the processing cycles. The at least one neural engine circuit performs multiplication between the matrix and the vector as a convolution operation to produce at least one output channel of the output data.
A semiconductor device includes: an interface chip including a read timing control circuit that outputs, in response to a command signal and a clocksignal supplied from the outside, a plurality of read control signals that are each in synchronization with the clocksignal and have different timings; and core chips including a plurality of internal circuits that are stacked on the interface chip and each perform an operation indicated by the command signal in synchronization with the read control signals. According to the present invention, it is unnecessary to control latency in the core chips and therefore to supply the clock signal to the core chips.
An application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC) is disclosed. The ASIC comprises an internal circuit coupled between a power line and ground and an output buffer coupled to the internal circuit; wherein the output buffer provides an output signal. The ASIC includes a fault detection circuit coupled between the power line and ground; and a first protection block configured to receive a first control signal from the fault detection circuit. The first switch is coupled to the power line, the output buffer and the internal circuit. The first protection block prevents current from flowing between the power line and ground when a fault condition is detected. The ASIC further includes a second protection block configured to receive a second control signal from the fault detection circuit, wherein the second protection block is coupled to the output signal, the power line and ground. The second protection block prevents current from flowing between the power line and ground or the power line and the output line when a fault condition is detected.