The invention discloses a preparation method of 3-quinuclidinone
hydrochloride, which comprises the following steps: carrying out
temperature control reaction on 4-
picolinic acid and
chloroacetic acid under
alkaline water conditions to obtain an
aqueous solution of a
compound a, and directly entering the next reaction without post-treatment after the reaction is finished; adding a
reducing agent alkaline water system into the
aqueous solution of the
compound a, controlling the temperature to react, controlling the temperature to adjust the pH value to 5-5.5 after the reaction is finished, extracting with n-butyl
alcohol, and
drying to obtain an n-butyl
alcohol solution of a compound b, and directly entering the next
reaction step; wherein the
reducing agent is one of
sodium borohydride and
potassium borohydride; dropwise adding
thionyl chloride into an n-butyl
alcohol solution of the compound b, controlling the temperature to react after dropwise adding is ended, and concentrating to remove the
solvent and unreacted
thionyl chloride after the reaction is ended, so as to obtain a
compound c; carrying out
Dieckmann condensation reaction on the
compound c at controlled temperature under the condition of organic alkali by using
toluene as a
solvent, carrying out
hydrochloric acid quenching reaction after the reaction is finished, and directly carrying out next-step reaction after extracting and removing impurities from a water phase containing a
hydrochloride solution of a compound d by using
toluene; and carrying out a
decarboxylation reaction on the compound d in a
hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at controlled temperature, after the reaction is finished, adjusting the pH value to 10-13, extracting, and salifying to obtain a target compound TM, namely 3-quinuclidinone
hydrochloride. The preparation method of 3-quinuclidinone hydrochloride provided by the invention has the advantages of economical and easily available raw materials, mild
reaction conditions, efficient reaction, simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for industrial application.