The invention discloses a polarized optic-acoustic microscopic imaging device and method. The device comprises an optic-acoustic excitation light source generation assembly, an optic-acoustic signal processing assembly and a collection platform assembly; and the optic-acoustic excitation light source generation assembly comprises a laser, a first lens, a pin hole, a second lens, a polarizer, a 1/2glass slide, a scanning vibrating mirror and a focusing lens. The method comprises the concrete steps that the laser generates a laser beam, the laser beam passes the first lens, pin hole, second lens, polarizer, 1/2 glass slide, scanning vibrating mirror and focusing lens successively and forms linearly polarized light, the focusing lens focuses the linearly polarized light on a sample to generate an optic-acoustic signal, and the optic-acoustic signal processing assembly reconstructs a sample polarized optic-acoustic and quantitative ordered-degree 3D imaging graph according to optic-acoustic signals, generated by linearly polarized light in different electric vector direction, collected by the collection platform assembly and a medium ordered degree representing parameter. Thus, lossless high-definition 3D polarized light optic-acoustic microscopic imaging and quantitative structured ordered degree imaging can be realized.