30 results about "Giardia species" patented technology

A method for the inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia cysts and similar organisms comprising irradiating water with ultraviolet light in doses of from about 1 mJ / cm2 to about 175 mJ / cm2.

A method for stabilizing and removing Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts from water. The method comprises adding chitosan, a salt or solution of chitosan to water containing Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts and a halogenating agent. The method may also include adding a secondary polyelectrolyte flocculant to the water. The resulting flocs are filtered to remove the Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts.

A method for stabilizing and removing Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts from water. The method comprises adding chitosan, a salt or solution of chitosan to water containing Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts and a halogenating agent. The method may also include adding a secondary polyelectrolyte flocculant to the water. The resulting flocs are filtered to remove the Cryptosporidium oocysts or Giardia cysts.

Raman scattering of radiation applied to a water sample is used to assess occurrence of a pathogen in the sample. The method is useful for detecting pathogens that are difficult to detect using other methods, such as protozoa. Examples of organisms that can be detected in water samples using these methods include protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium and the genus Giardia. The methods described herein have important applications, such as for detection of Cryptosporidium organisms in municipal water systems.

Raman scattering of radiation applied to a water sample is used to assess occurrence of a pathogen in the sample. The method is useful for detecting pathogens that are difficult to detect using other methods, such as protozoa. Examples of organisms that can be detected in water samples using these methods include protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium and the genus Giardia. The methods described herein have important applications, such as for detection of Cryptosporidium organisms in municipal water systems.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for inactivating cryptosporidium and giardia cysts inside water. The method for inactivating the cryptosporidium and giardia cysts inside the water comprises the following steps: a first step: providing a water body to be processed; a second step: preparing a photocatalyst; and a third step: further adding the photocatalyst prepared from the second step into the water body obtained from the first step, and disinfecting the water body in a photocatalysis way under a lighting condition, wherein the amount of the photocatalyst is the same with the catalyst. The equipment comprises an ultraviolet light source irradiation device, a reactor used for accommodating the photocatalyst and the water body to be processed and a stirrer, wherein the stirrer is arranged in the reactor; and the ultraviolet light source irradiation device is arranged on the reactor. The method and the equipment have the advantages of high inactivating efficiency, low cost, easy operation, popularization and application, innocuity and no side product and can not cause secondary pollution.

The invention provides a formulation for treatment or prevention of a parasitic infection such as a protozoan or helminths infection, for example: Giardia. The formulation comprises at least one ganglioside, which may be selected from the group consisting of: GD3, GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1b, NANA, and sialic acid. The formulation may be used to supplement foods or liquids, for example: infant formula, baby food, baby cereal, juice, dehydrated camping food, or bottled water.

The invention discloses a sampling filtering bag for cryptospsridium and giardia detection in water and belongs to the field of water quality detection. The structure comprises a shell and filtering paper, wherein the filtering paper is arranged in the shell; a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the two ends of the shell. The sampling filtering bag is characterized in that the shell is composed of an upper filtering cup and a lower filtering cup; the open end of the upper filtering cup is in butt joint with the open end of the lower filtering cup, and the open end of the upper filtering cup and the open end of the lower filtering cup are sealed by a sealing piece; the water inlet is formed in the top end of the upper filtering cup and the water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the lower filtering cup; the filtering paper is arranged between the open end of the upper filtering cup and the open end of the lower filtering cup. With the adoption of the sampling filtering bag disclosed by the invention, the detection cost can be greatly reduced and the detection recovery rate is improved; the sampling filtering bag has very good popularization and application values.

The invention relates to a membrane for detecting cattle and sheep Giardia in Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis and distinguishing the type. The membrane for detecting Theileria luwenshuni, Theileria uilenbergi and Giardia in cattle and sheep is prepared by fixing specific oligonucleotide of the Theileria luwenshuni and the Theileria uilenbergi or the specific oligonucleotide of Babesia and the universal specific oligonucleotide of Theileria on a Biodyne C membrane. The method for detecting comprises the steps: using DNA extracted from Haemaphysalis to be detected as a template; using a specific primer to perform PCR amplification; hybridizing the product with the oligonucleotide of the Theileria and Babesia for detecting; putting the hybridized membrane in an exposed template holder after enhanced chemiluminescence incubation; putting an X-ray film on the membrane for treatment of exposure, developing and the like; and determining whether the detected animal has the corresponding disease according to an intensity signal produced on the film.

The invention relates to a filtration and concentration method for improving the detection recovery rate of cryptosporidium and giardia in the technical field of water environmental water quality monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: sampling and filtering; adding elution; ultrasound oscillation and centrifugal treatment; carrying out stained preparation by sequentially adopting animmunomagnetic separation method after completing the centrifugal treatment; and then counting by a fluorescence microscope, and making statistics for the recovery rate. The method improves certain operation steps in the filtration and concentration stages, so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the detection cost of the cryptosporidium and giardia and improving the recovery rate.

The present invention relates to a giardia cyst in water and a cryptosporidium oocyst checking method which belonging to the detection technique field, the giardia and the cryptosporidium in water are detected by the combined-dyeing of haematein and intensified kinyoun after the filtration by microporous membrane and the gradient separation by acetic ether and formalin in a ratio of 10:1. The background complexity of the following microscopic examination is alleviated by membrane filtering the water sample and the giardia and the cryptosporidium are separately dyed by the combined-dyeing of haematein and intensified kinyoun. The invention alleviates the impurity interference in the background in traditional giardia and cryptosporidium detecting method and improves the microscopic examing confirmation accuracy of the morphological and structural features.

A continuous flow centrifuge adapted with an insert of glass beads, sand or the like is used to concentrate cysts of microorganisms such as giardia or cryptosporidium from large volumes of water. The apparatus and methods are useful for the detection of contaminating microoorganisms in groundwater and public drinking water.

The invention relates to a method for estimation of bacterial number in water by particle count in water, and the method belongs to the fields of drinking water processing and sanitation. First, for drinking water with turbidity lower than 1NTU, surface water in rivers and lakes, underground water, and industrial water with turbidity lower than 0.5NTU, a particle calculating instrument is used to determine particle count in certain particle size scopes, and determine bacteria number simultaneously; a certain amount of data is accumulated to satisfy statistical requirement after a plurality of detections, and function relationship between bacterial number and particle count in the certain particle size scope is established; and the function relationship is used to determine bacterial number in water from particle count in the certain particle size scope which is determined by the particle calculating instrument. The estimation method in the invention is simple and fast, can be used for on-line measurement, can determine conventional microorganism indexes such as the total number of bacterium colony, the total number of coliform group bacteria and the like, and can be used for determination of specific microbes such as cryptosporidium, giardia and the like.

The invention relates to the field of public drinking water hygienic security detection and provides a filtering recovery device related to cryptosporidium and giardia for solving the problem that theexisting device for detecting the cryptosporidium and giardia is complicated in detection programs and high in detection cost and a system thereof. The recovery device comprises a left filtering assembly, a right filtering assembly and a filter element, wherein the left filtering assembly comprises a water sample barrel, a water sample peristaltic pump, a left filter cup and a washing liquor collection barrel; a water sample inlet hole and a left filter cup exhaust hole are formed in the top of the left filter cup, and a washing liquor drain hole is formed at the bottom of the left filter cup; the right filtering assembly comprises a washing liquor barrel, a washing liquor peristaltic pump, a right filter cup and a water sample collection barrel; a washing liquor inlet hole and a right filter cup exhaust hole are formed in the top of the right filter cup, and a water sample collection hole is formed in the bottom of the right filter cup; solenoid valves are arranged at the previous holes; the filter element is fixedly arranged between the left filter cup and the right filter cup; the pore size of filter paper at the filter element is less than overall dimensions of the cryptosporidium and giardia.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a filter medium used for removing giardia and cryptosporidium in water. The method comprises the following steps: a) mixing raw materials containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, activated carbon and diatomite in powder, wherein the weight ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the activated carbon and the diatomite in powder is 100-300:50-100:100-350; and b) pressing, sintering and cooling mixture obtained in the step a) in a mould. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the provided technical scheme can remove the giardia and the cryptosporidium in the water, has the removal rate reaching over 99.5 percent so as to achieve the aim of improving the water quality, and has simple method, low cost and quick response.

A transcriptional activator of T. gondii is provided which comprises the tetracycline repressor (TetR) operatively linked to a transacting factor of T. gondii. Strains of T. gondii transformed with a vector containing such a transactivator may be used to prepare vaccine compositions or to identify essential genes in the parasite. The system provided may be useful in other Apicomplexan species such as Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium yoelii, Plasmodium knowlesi, Trypanosoma brucei, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lambia.

The invention discloses a method for enriching and purifying cryptosporidium and giardia in alga-containing water, and a method for determining the content of cryptosporidium and giardia. The enrichment and purification method comprises the following steps: pressurizing alga-containing water, precipitating to remove algae, filtering the obtained supernatant by using a mixed acetate fiber filter membrane, dissolving enriched products in acetone, centrifuging to obtain an enriched precipitate containing cryptosporidium and giardia, adding a phosphate-tween buffer solution to the precipitate to prepare a cryptosporidium and giardia suspension, carrying out density gradient centrifuge treatment to obtain a cryptosporidium and giardia purified solution, filtering to make cryptosporidium and giardia adhered to the acetate fiber membrane, dyeing, carrying out fluorescence microscope detection, and counting. The enrichment and purification method is an improved method for concentrating, separating and purifying cryptosporidium and giardia in an alga-containing water sample, and reduces the interference of background impurities during microscope detection, and the detection method has the advantages of high recovery rate and accurate detection result, and accords with Quality Control Standard of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water prescribed by Environmental Protection Agency in USA.

The invention relates to a filtration and concentration method for improving the detection recovery rate of cryptosporidium and giardia in the technical field of water environmental water quality monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: sampling and filtering; adding elution; ultrasound oscillation and centrifugal treatment; carrying out stained preparation by sequentially adopting an immunomagnetic separation method after completing the centrifugal treatment; and then counting by a fluorescence microscope, and making statistics for the recovery rate. The method improves certain operation steps in the filtration and concentration stages, so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the detection cost of the cryptosporidium and giardia and improving the recovery rate.

A water treatment process whereby heat is used and recaptured to pasteurize water and or sewage effluent.Contaminated waters are partially treatable utilizing bacterial and chemical processes, however some bacteria (e.g. Cryptosporidium and Giardia) are resistant to chemicals. Hence, the present process raises the temperature of the water to any desired temperature and for any desired length of time that would destroy most pathogens and viruses, including Cryptosporidium and Giardia, without the use of chemicals.

The invention discloses a method for detecting cryptosporidium by using a pyrosequencing technology. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, designing specific primers and pyrosequencing primers according to cryptosporidium 18S rRNA (Ribosomal Robonucleic Acid); extracting desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of a sample to be tested; performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) proliferation by using the specific primers of 18SrRNA genes; detecting a proliferated product by using agarose gel electrophoresis; preparing a pyrosequencing single-chain template if the proliferation segment length of the primer is 201bp; carrying out pyrosequencing reaction; and finally, determining whether the sample contains giardia according to a PCR proliferation result and a pyrosequencing result. The method is suitable for rapidly detecting and confirming the cryptosporidium, can be widely applied to water quality monitoring and control in an environment, oocyst detection of excrement of a human body and confirmation of protozoon in import and export trades, and is convenient to operate and small in required sample amounts.

The invention relates to an automatic quantitative tap water sampling device and method for detecting cryptosporidia and Giardia lamblia. With the method, samples of cryptosporidia and Giardia lamblia are automatically collected in the flowing process of tap water; since the quantities of cryptosporidia and Giardia lamblia in 100 L of water are needed in detection of cryptosporidia and Giardia lamblia, a tap water automatic quantifying controller is such configured that sampling is stopped when a water volume reaches 100 L; the samples are enriched in a cryptosporidium and Giardia lamblia detection and enrichment filter core; after sampling, the filter core is sealed and taken back for detection. Thus, that 100 L of water is taken back from each sampling point in traditional detection is avoided; labor intensity is reduced; and detection accuracy is improved. The device is simple in structure and convenient, labor-saving and time-saving to operate, so influence of fatigue of operation personnel on operation during sampling is avoided; the whole process is stable; the device and method overcome the problem of difficulty in accurate controlling of a sampling water volume caused by closing of a switch after artificial observation of scales of a water meter; and result quality is reliable.

The present invention discloses a combined detection reagent for Cryptosporidium and Giardia, and a preparation method thereof. The agent includes a PVC bottom plate, where a sample pad, a colloidal gold mark pad, a nitrocellulose membrane test pad, and an absorbent pad are disposed on a top of the PVC bottom plate from left to right. In the present invention, two results can be obtained at the same time by detecting two main water-borne parasites (Cryptosporidium and Giardia) that cause human diarrhea and by adding samples for one time, so that not only a detection rate is improved, but alsoa cause of disease is identified. The agent has a fast speed (5-10min), an easy operation, and a stable structure with high sensitivity, strong specificity, good repeatability, and good performance, and is suitable for clinical testing or census, etc., provides rapid screening for patients with low-grade fever or diarrhea after outing or accommodation or eating, to confirm the cause of diarrhea, and can give a diagnosis basis for treatment and medication.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for inactivating Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in water. The inactivation method comprises: the first step of providing water to be treated; the second step of preparing a photocatalyst; and the third step of providing The photocatalyst prepared in the second step is added into the water body obtained in the first step, and the photocatalytic disinfection is carried out on the water body under the condition of light. The equipment used includes: an ultraviolet light source irradiation device, a reactor for containing the photocatalyst and the water solution to be treated, and a stirrer installed in the reactor; the ultraviolet light source irradiation device is arranged on the reactor. The method and equipment have high inactivation efficiency, low cost, simple operation, easy popularization and application, and are non-toxic and by-products, and will not cause secondary pollution.

The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions using a polypeptide comprising at least one CXXC motif, such as Giardia parasite's variable surface proteins (VSP) or a fragment thereof to raise by oral or mucosal vaccination an immune response against a heterologous selected antigen, such as tumor antigen, microbial antigen or other antigen.

The invention discloses a bivalent DNA vaccine for preventing human or animal giardiasis, wherein two antigen genes α1-giardin and CWP-2 of Giardia are respectively inserted into eukaryotic vector pVAX1 to obtain recombinant plasmid pVAX1 -α1-giardin and pVAX1-CWP-2, the recombinant plasmids pVAX1-α1-giardin and pVAX1-CWP-2 are respectively transported into the host bacteria to obtain recombinant plasmid pVAX1-α1-giardin and recombinant plasmid pVAX1-CWP-respectively 2, the recombinant bacteria constitute the bivalent DNA vaccine of the present invention. The present invention creatively proposes an anti-giardiasis bivalent DNA vaccine for the joint application of trophozoites and cysts, which can inhibit the formation of trophozoites to block pathogenicity and inhibit the formation of cysts to cut off transmission. It overcomes the shortcomings of the single role of the vaccine in the previous vaccine research and development. The bivalent DNA vaccine of the present invention also achieves stable passage and continuous protection. The invention also discloses an enteric-coated preparation quantitatively containing the bivalent DNA vaccine and a preparation method thereof.

The invention discloses a divalent DNA vaccine for preventing human or animal giardiasis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inserting two antigen genes alpha1-giardin and CWP-2 of giardia into a eukaryotic vector pVAX1, thereby obtaining recombinant plasmids pVAX1-alpha1-giardin and pVAX1-CWP-2; and respectively transferring the recombinant plasmids pVAX1-alpha1-giardin and pVAX1-CWP-2 into host bacteria, thereby obtaining recombinant bacteria comprising the recombinant plasmids pVAX1-alpha1-giardin and pVAX1-CWP-2 respectively, wherein the recombinant bacteria form the divalent DNA vaccine disclosed by the invention. The anti-giardiasis divalent DNA vaccine in combined application aiming at two stages of trophozoite and cyst respectively is creatively provided, the formation of the trophozoite is inhibited to block the diseases and inhibit formation of the cyst so as to cut off propagation, and the defect that the vaccine is single in effect in the previous vaccine research and development is overcome. According to the divalent DNA vaccine, passage stability and continuous protectiveness are realized. The invention also discloses a quantitative enteric-coated preparation comprising the divalent DNA vaccine and a preparation method of the enteric-coated preparation.