The invention belongs to the field of genetic breeding, and particularly relates to a mutant strain of arthrobacter simplex with stress tolerence and a genetically engineered bacterium constructed bythe mutant strain. The survival rate of the mutant strain under the impact conditions of 16% ethyl alcohol and 20% methyl alcohol is increased by 3.74 times and 2.10 times respectively compared with the original strain; the endurance capacity of engineering bacteria, overexpressing the genes of groEl, dnaK, recA, uvrD, katG, sod or treS from the mutant strain, to high-concentration organic solvents is obviously improved, and the endurance capacity to salt pressure and oxidative pressure is expresses to be higher. When the engineering bacteria are applied to steride C1,2 dehydrogenation reaction, the ethanol concentration in a system can be increased to 8 to 10%, the substrate CA concentration can be increased to 6 to 8g/L, the product yield can be improved by 0.41 to 3.56 times, and a goodbasis is established for the subsequent tolerance mechanism research and bacterial strain molecular modification and application.