The invention provides an analysis method for identifying water type of formation water and/or surface water. The method comprises the following steps of sampling a water sample; detecting the ion mineralizing degrees (SCi, unit: mg/L) of Na<+>, K<+>, Mg<2+>, Ca<2+>, Cl<->, SO4<2->, HCO3<-> and CO3<2-> in the water sample, and quantity of ion chemical structural formulas (the number is equivalent to the relative atom mass of the ions); according to the obtained ion mineralizing degrees (SCi) of Na<+>, K<+>, Mg<2+>, Ca<2+>, Cl<->, SO4<2->, HCO3<-> and CO3<2-> in the water sample, and corresponding atom mass of the ions (Mi), calculating the atom millimole concentration, ion unit charge millimole concentration, ion unit charge millimole fraction, ion unit charge millimole concentration ratio, integrated factor coefficient and integrated judging coefficient related to the ion content, judging the water type of the water sample. The method has the advantages that the water type of formation water and surface water can be objectively determined, the method is especially suitable for determining the water type of formation water and surface water in the hydrocarbon reservoir rock porosity, and a new way is provided for acknowledging and studying the features of the formation water of the oil and gas reservoir layer.