41 results about "Particulate organic matter" patented technology

The invention relates to a pretreatment method for increasing the yield of excess sludge anaerobic digestion methane. Firstly, calcium peroxide is added into remaining concentrated sludge of a sewage treatment factory, and the addition amount of calcium peroxide accounts for 5-20% of the mass of volatile suspended solid in the remaining sludge; then, microwave radiation is carried out, the mixture is placed in an anaercbic digestor for anaerobic digestion at the temperature of 30-40 DEG C at the stirring speed of 100-200 rpm, and anaerobic digestion time is about 16 days. Results show that the calcium peroxide/microwave combined pretreatment technology can promote dissolving of particulate organic matter, increase the yield of the sludge anaerobic digestion methane and improve dewaterability of sludge after anaerobic digestion. The method is easy to operate, moderate in reaction condition and good in economic benefit and social benefit and is used for recycling, harmlessness and reduction of the remaining concentrated sludge of the sewage treatment factory.

The invention discloses a simple stereoscopic sea cucumber hanging breeding facility and a breeding method which are suitable for shallow sea breeding areas or deep ponds. The breeding facility comprises a plank floating bridge, foam floats, a breeding mesh cage, a lining net, a spare mesh cage and dropping stones. The breeding mesh cage is hung on the floating bridge through hooks. The lining net is fixed into the breeding mesh cage in an inclined mode and faces sunlight. The spare mesh cage is placed on the floating bridge to be exposed in the sunlight for standby use. The dropping stones are hung at the four corners of the breeding mesh cage. According to the stereoscopic sea cucumber hanging breeding facility and the breeding method, water-layer particulate organic matters and water-layer sediment intercepted by the breeding mesh cage are fully used for providing natural high-quality bait for sea cucumbers, good environment is provided for the sea cucumbers, other living bodies such as prawns can be bred in a mixed mode at the same time, and therefore a stereoscopic ecological breeding mode is realized.

The invention relates to an online enrichment and desorption device of particulate organic matters and an application method thereof. The online enrichment and desorption device of particulate organicmatters comprises a thermal desorption unit, a high-temperature-resistant desorption unit, a capillary capture column, a semiconductor cold trap, an electronic tee valve, a gas chromatographic columnand other components. Particulate organic matters pass through the thermal desorption unit; the particulate organic matters are then captured successively by the capillary capture column of normal temperature and the semiconductor cold trap before emptying; the captured organic matters are reversely fed via valve switching; low-boiling-point components trapped by the semiconductor cold trap are released first by thermal desorption; high-boiling-point components trapped by the capillary capture column are heated with a gas chromatographic column heater program and are gradually desorbed beforeentering the gas chromatographic column for separation and detection. The emptying design helps increase thermal desorption flow, reduce thermal desorption time, improve thermal desorption efficiencyand prevents accumulative pollution of a chromatographic column and detection unit due to direct entry of the thermal desorption sample in the chromatographic column; the advantage that high-boiling-point components are trapped by capillaries of normal temperature and low-boiling-point components are trapped by the cold trap at low temperature is utilized such that the low-boiling-point and high-boiling-point organic matters are trapped stagewise; organic matter trapping and releasing efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to an in-situ reducing device of initial rainwater pollutants of urban landscape river. A conventional rainwater port is communicated with an overflow distributing well which is communicated with a rainwater retaining chamber through a water pipe and is provided with an adjustable overflow weir, and suspended organism filling balls are placed in the rainwater retaining chamber. The invention overcomes the defects of reconstruction of urban road surfaces, huge project cost, low possibility of general implementation, limitation of actual spaces of a river way and a bankside on constructing a large-capacity storage pond, processing requirement of a sewage processing plant after raining, large project investment and the like existing in two kinds of methods of source reduction, in-place processing and collection and storage processing. The invention effectively retains granular organic matter at the initial period of raining, reduces the input quantity of the rainwater for the river, and can remove granular organic matter of more than 70% and biologically degrade so as to lower the pollution degree of the initial rainwater on the water quality and the ecology of the urban landscape river. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable effect and convenient maintenance.

The invention discloses a system and method for mainstream short-cut nitrification denitrification/anaerobic ammoxidation, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out chemical flocculation precipitation on sewage to capture particulate organic matters, colloidal organic matters and phosphorus; and then carrying out anoxic hydrolysisacidification, and decomposing organic matters in wastewater into volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen. A multi-cycle SBR tank is used in the next stage, through multi-step water feeding, multi-step A/O reaction and enhanced denitrification/anaerobic ammoxidation, nitrite nitrogen is removed timely, nitrifying bacteria (NOB) substrate lack is formed, NOB bacteria are eliminated in assistanceof dissolved oxygen on-line control and short sludge age, and stable mainstream short-cut nitrification denitrification/anaerobic ammoxidation denitrification is realized. The short-cut nitrificationrate of the multi-cycle SBR tank is 80% or above, and the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and TN are 87%, 98% and 88% respectively. The method is simple in control strategy and strong in automation, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, less greenhouse gas emission, good effluent quality, low sludge yield and the like.

The invention discloses a portable manual suction filter for collecting particulate organic matters in waterbodies. The portable manual suction filter comprises a sampling device, a sample discharging device and a connecting barrel, a glass fiber filter membrane is arranged between the sampling device and the sample discharging device, and the sample feeding device and the sample discharging device are screwed into the connecting barrel in a threaded manner. The portable manual suction filter can be used for water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds, and is convenient to carry, easy to operate and capable of collecting different particle sizes of the particulate organic matters in the water bodies by arranging different pore sizes of glass fiber filters (GF/C or GF/F).

The invention relates to a separation and quantification method of different occurrence-mode organic matter in hydrocarbon source rock. The separation and quantification method comprises the followingsteps that hydrocarbon source rock samples are ground and dried, and parts of the samples are weighed for organic carbon testing; the hydrocarbon source rock samples are subjected to soxhlet extraction through an organic solvent, and parts of extracted residue are weighed for organic carbon testing; the extracted residue is oxidized, and parts of the oxidized residue are weighed for organic carbon testing; and the mass fraction, accounting for the total organic carbon in the rock, of organic carbon separated in each step is calculated through a difference method, and quantification of free-state organic matter, mineral complex state organic matter and particulate organic matter is completed. The separation and quantification method adopts the continuous processing process of organic solvent extraction and sodium persulfate oxidation, thus the free-state organic matter and the mineral complex state organic matter in the hydrocarbon source rock are effectively removed, the contents of the free-state organic matter, the mineral complex state organic matter and the particulate organic matter in the hydrocarbon source rock are quantitatively analyzed, the efficiency is high, the cost is low, and data are accurate.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a seedling cultivation matrix specially used for organic rice. The matrix is composed of an organic fermentation material formed after biological fermentation treatment of an Agaricus bisporus and sward mixture, cassava residues, straw powder and a fruit tree branch particle organic material, wet coconut dust, charred husk particles, turf and vermiculite. The method comprises the following steps: airing the Agaricus bisporus and sward mixture, and crushing the aired mixture; adjusting the water content of the cassava resides to 55-65%, carrying out biological fermentation treatment on 35% of the Agaricus bisporus and sward mixture, 35% of the cassava residues, 15% of the straw powder and 15% of the fruit tree branch particle organic material, airing obtained material, and crushing the aired material to form the organic fermentation material with the particle size of 5mm or below; and fully stirring and mixing the organic fermentation material, the wet coconut dust, the charred husks, the turf and vermiculite, bagging the obtained mixture, weighing the bagged mixture, and packaging and warehousing the mixture. The matrix adopting organic wastes as a raw material contains comprehensive nutrients; and the matrix adopting effective microbial fermentation has no pest diseases or worm eggs, has an especially good application effect, is very suitable for cultivating organic rice seedlings, can promote vigorous growth of the seedlings, and can be widely promoted and applied throughout the country.

The invention relates to a method of synthesizing artificial soil on the basis of algal mud. The artificial soil is prepared from the following ingredients including the algal mud, fly ash, straws, pH regulators, buffer agents, chelates and microbial preparations, wherein the mass percentage of the algal mud is 5 to 10 percent; the mass percentage of the fly ash is 80 to 90 percent; the mass percentage of the straws is 5 to 10 percent; 0.01 to 1000g of pH regulators, 0.01 to 1000g of buffer agents, 0.01 to 500g of chelates and 0.05 to 500g of microbial preparations are added in one ton of the mixture of the algal mud, the fly ash and the straws. The method overcomes the defects of low blue-green algae dewatering concentration efficiency, complicated detoxification process, low resource utilization rate and the like. The fly ash and the blue-green algae are mixed and ground, so that the moisture of the blue-green algae can fast enter the fly ash; then, open air aging and stabilization are performed. A great number of organic matter in the blue-green algae take a humification effect; the formation of artificial soil aggregate structure is promoted; partial organic matter takes a mineralization effect; various nutrients can be decomposed and released; the method of using the algal mud to produce the artificial soil has better economical performance and high operability.

The invention relates to a two-stage hydrolytic acidification short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation process for removing nitrogen by taking a granular organic matter as a carbon source, and belongs to the field of biological sewage treatment. The whole device comprises a water inlet tank, a sequencing batch hydrolytic acidification in-situ short-cut denitrification reactor, a middle water tank, a granular organic matter storage tank, a sequencing batch anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and a PLC automatic control system. The whole device adopts a two-stage hydrolytic acidification short-cut denitrification and post-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and is matched with a PLC automatic control system, so that the intelligence and the flexibility of the operation of the whole process are improved, and efficient removal of nitrogen is realized.

A water feeding and jetting mixed device for a fish pond for aquaculture comprises a pressure water inlet pipe, a diffusion pipe, a mixing pipe and a water outlet pipe which are arranged in succession from upper to bottom; the pressure water inlet pipe, the diffusion pipe and the mixing pipe are horizontally arranged; the water outlet pipe is horizontally arranged; the diffusion pipe is a gradual enlargement pipe with two gradual enlargement sections; an air inlet hole is formed in the cone-shaped circumferential surface of the first gradual enlargement section; the internal diameter of the mixing pipe is D4; the lower end of the pressure water inlet pipe is inserted into the upper end of the diffusion pipe along the axial direction; the upper end of the mixing pipe is inserted into a mixing area of the diffusion pipe along the axial direction; the water outlet pipe comprises three water outlet branch pipes which are arranged in upper layer water, middle layer water and lower layer water of the fish pound; the three water outlet branch pipes are communicated with the middle portion, the lower portion and the bottom of the mixing pipe. The water feeding and jetting mixed device has the advantages of being sufficient in oxygen dissolution, improving water flowing states of high density cultivation, promoting efficient discharging of particulate organic matters, effectively removing carbon dioxide accumulated through respiratory action of fishes in the high density cultivation, improving water quality in a cultivation pond, achieving an energy saving goal and being wide in applicability.

A method and device for comminuting particulate organic substances in suspensions of microorganisms in a carrier medium, particularly in wastewaters or sludges of biological sewage treatment plants, whereby the organic substances are subjected to inertial forces in an active chamber as a result of short-term acceleration, immediately followed by deceleration of a carrier medium flowing in a closed flow channel. To generate these inertial forces, the carrier medium is evaporated and subsequently condensed in the active chamber, whereby this change in the aggregate state of the carrier medium is achieved by changing the flow speed. As a consequence of the enormous increase of the volume in the liquid phase upon its transition into the vapor state, the flow speed of the medium increases to the same degree. As a result, extreme acceleration forces are exerted on the loading of the liquid phase, which immediately after condensation of the vapor into the liquid phase revert back into deceleration forces. By selecting an appropriate flow speed of the carrier medium in the active chamber, different treatment methods for the suspension can be chosen, ranging from the breaking up of large flakes to the destruction of thread-shaped bacteria all the way to complete cell disruption.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the food intake of deposit feeder small benthic animals, which adopts a food intake determination method based on water particle organic carbon content determination, because food of deposit feeder animals is ingested in the form of particle organic particles, digestion residues become suspended or sedimentary particle organic matters after being discharged out of the body, the organic carbon intake in a certain time period is calculated according to the quantity change of the granular organic carbon in the living environment; on the basis that the contents of nutritional ingredients such as organic carbon, protein, fat and energy in food are measured in advance, the food intake of the organic carbon is multiplied by the ratio of the contents of different nutritional ingredients in the food to the content of the organic carbon, so that the food intake of the different nutritional ingredients is obtained through conversion.

The invention discloses an organic waste gas treatment device. The organic waste gas treatment device comprises a shell and a dissolving liquid box, wherein the interior of the shell is sequentially divided into a combustion cavity, a filter bag cavity and a dissolving cavity through a first partition plate and a second partition plate; two flame nozzles for spraying flame are arranged in the combustion cavity; a plurality of filter bags for intercepting and filtering granular organic matters are arranged in the filter bag cavity; the dissolving liquid box is arranged in the dissolving cavity; and the interior of the combustion cavity is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber through a first filter screen and a second filter screen. The organic waste gas treatment device can effectively solve the problem that organic waste gas containing different pollutants can be effectively treated.

The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater culture, and especially relates to a processing system used for eliminating inorganic nitrogen and phosphor in culture water body. The processing system comprises a biomembrane reactor, a middle tank, an algae tank, and a water outlet tank which are connected successively; in the biomembrane reactor, biomembrane attached onto a filling material is adopted to remove dissolved ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water body, and reduce organic matter content; water in the biomembrane reactor flows into the middle tank through overflowing; in the middle tank, suspension of filter feeding shellfish is adopted to filter particular organic matters; the algae tank is communicated with the middle tank; seawater algae used for absorbing dissolved nitrogen and phosphor nutritive salts in water body is arranged in the algae tank; water in the algae tank flows into the water outlet tank through overflowing; and the water outlet tank is provided with a water discharge pipe. The processing system is high in automation degree and controllability, relatively small in occupied land area, high in culture waste water processing amount in unit time, and is capable of eliminating inorganic nitrogen and phosphor completely.

The invention provides a single crystal wafer cleaning method, which comprises the steps of (1) spraying deionized water or an organic solvent to the surface of a rotating wafer so as to pre-wet the surface of the wafer; (2) spraying a cleaning solution to the surface of the rotating wafer to remove various pollutants such as particles, organic matters and metal impurities; (3) spraying deionizedwater to the surface of the rotating wafer so as to rinse the surface of the wafer; and (4) spraying high-purity nitrogen to the surface of the rotating wafer so as to dry the surface of the wafer. According to the single crystal wafer cleaning method capable of reducing particle pollution, pre-infiltration of deionized water or an organic solvent is added before cleaning of the cleaning solution,the wettability of the cleaning solution and the surface of the wafer is improved, and the flow velocity of high-purity nitrogen sprayed out during rotary drying is controlled to reduce the negativepressure effect of a central area of the wafer, so that the adsorption of particle pollutants on the surface of the wafer is reduced, and the yield and the reliability of products are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit boards, anddiscloses a cleaning method of an integrated circuit board. Firstly, compressed air is used for blowing away dust adhering to the surface of the integrated circuit board, and then the surface of the integrated circuit can be fully cleaned in the subsequent cleaning procedure; the integrated circuit board is soaked in a first cleaning solution for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the first cleaning solution comprises chloroform and alcohol; then the integrated circuit board is washed with first pure water, then the integrated circuit board is blow-dried with compressed air, then the integrated circuit board is subjected to spray cleaning with a second cleaning solution, wherein the second cleaning solution comprises sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and water; and finally, the integrated circuit board is washed with second pure water and then dried, so that the cleaned integrated circuit board is obtained, pollutants such asparticles, organic matter and metal on the surface of the integrated circuit board are removed, and the surface cleanliness of the integrated circuit board is ensured.