The invention relates to a multi-hypothesis code rate adaptive system and method oriented to an HTTP-based dynamic adaptive streaming medium. The system comprises a server, a channel terminal and a client which are connected in sequence, the client comprises an MPD (Multimedia Presentation Description) file acquisition analysis module, an adaptive method set, a controller, a code rate set module and a buffer region, the adaptive method set is connected with the controller, and the controller, the code rate set module and the buffer region are connected in sequence. Each adaptive method operates a code rate request algorithm, and the adaptive algorithms operated by the adaptive methods are different. According to the system and the method, the long-time quality of experience of a user reaches the optimal; multiple single rate adaptive methods can be integrated, the methods are complementary in advantages and mutually independent, and the universality and the operability are achieved; and compared with the conventional code rate priority method and the method based on a proportional plus derivative controller, the return value of the method is higher, and the defect of extremely instable return in a start stage of the method based on reinforcement learning is overcome.