This invention relates to an in situ multi-
throughput glycosylated
RNA imaging method, comprising the following steps: constructing different proxHCR systems for different glycoRNAs, thereby performing multi-
throughput in situ imaging of multiple glycoRNAs with the same
sialic acid composition but different
RNA sequences; the proxHCR
system includes a
sialic acid recognition module, an
RNA hybridization module, and a fluorescently labeled hairpin probe (AR) acting as an amplification reporter. The
sialic acid recognition module and the proxHCR module are used for dual recognition of sialic acid and RNA units of glycoRNAs on the
cell membrane surface. A complete activation foothold switch is formed only when the sialic acid and RNA units of the glycoRNAs on the
cell membrane surface are spatially adjacent, triggering HCR of the fluorescently labeled hairpin probe (AR), thereby visualizing the glycoRNAs on the
cell surface through amplified
fluorescence signals. This invention solves the problem of the lack of prior art for simultaneous multi-
throughput analysis of multiple different glycosylated RNAs.