The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and specifically relates to an RNA extraction device and method, comprising a piston syringe, a plastic centrifuge tube, a centrifugal column arranged in the plastic centrifuge tube, a mixing centrifuge tube, the mixing centrifuge tube includes a tube body and a tube cover, A through hole is arranged on the tube cover, a silica gel column is arranged in the through hole, a top separation layer is arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the tube, and a middle separation layer is arranged on the middle and lower part, and the top separation layer and the middle separation layer separate the inside of the tube body. The chamber is divided into an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber. Grinding balls are pre-placed in the upper chamber, TRIzol is pre-placed in the middle chamber, and chloroform is pre-placed in the lower chamber. In the process of extracting RNA in the present invention, the operator does not need to directly absorb and contact the organic solvent, and no toxic volatiles are released into the atmosphere during the operation, which protects the health of the experimenters; at the same time, the present invention realizes the detection of bulk tissue samples through grinding balls. Mechanical cutting and grinding of difficult-to-lyse tissue samples to release RNA more quickly and fully.