55results about How to "Degradation" patented technology

A magnetic disk 10 for use in perpendicular magnetic recording has at least a magnetic recording layer on a substrate 1. The magnetic recording layer is composed of a ferromagnetic layer 5 of a granular structure containing silicon (Si) or an oxide of silicon (Si) between crystal grains containing cobalt (Co), a stacked layer 7 having a first layer containing cobalt (Co) or a Co alloy and a second layer containing palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt), and a spacer layer 6 interposed between the ferromagnetic layer 5 and the stacked layer 7. After forming the ferromagnetic layer 5 on the substrate 1 by sputtering in an argon gas atmosphere, the stacked layer 7 is formed by sputtering in the argon gas atmosphere at a gas pressure lower than that used when forming the ferromagnetic layer 5.

A washing and drying machine includes a water tank, a rotary drum, an irradiating light source and control means. The rotary drum is rotatably supported in the water tank. The irradiating light source is for emitting a light beam including ultra-violet ray to the inside of the rotary drum. The control means controls the irradiating light source such that the light beam including the ultra-violet ray is emitted to the inside of the rotary drum after the end of the drying process.

An object of the present invention is to provide an EL display device, which has a high operating performance and reliability. A third passivation film 45 is disposed under an EL element 203 which comprises a pixel electrode (anode) 46, an EL layer 47 and a cathode 48, to make a structure in which heat generated by the EL element 203 is radiated. Further, the third passivation film 45 prevents alkali metals within the EL element 203 from diffusing into the TFTs side, and prevents moisture and oxygen of the TFTs side from penetrating into the EL element 203. More preferably, heat radiating effect is given to a fourth passivation film 50 to make the EL element 203 to be enclosed by heat radiating layers.

A metal oxide layer is disposed on the lower potential side when an electric field in a predetermined direction is applied to the piezoelectric body which is deformed by an applied electric field, and compensates for the oxygen vacancies which are generated in the piezoelectric body by applying the electric field. A second metal oxide layer is disposed on the higher potential side of the electric field applied to the piezoelectric body, and by applying an electric field in the direction reverse to the electric field, compensates for the oxygen vacancies which are accumulated in the piezoelectric body, thus degradation of the piezoelectric characteristic of a piezoelectric element can be repaired.

An SiC single crystal having at least one orientation region where a basal plane dislocation has a high linearity and is oriented to three crystallographically-equivalent <11-20> directions, and an SiC wafer and a semiconductor device which are manufactured from the SiC single crystal. The SiC single crystal can be manufactured by using a seed crystal in which the offset angle on a {0001} plane uppermost part side is small and the offset angle on an offset direction downstream side is large and growing another crystal on the seed crystal.

A semiconductor device has an IC chip with a thickness of equal to or less than 100 μm and includes a semiconductor substrate. A device forming region is within the depth of approximately equal to or less than 5 μm from a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a total thickness of the semiconductor substrate is from 5 μm to 100 μm. A BMD layer for carrying out gettering of metal impurities is provided immediately under the device forming region. Since a gettering site is provided immediately under the device forming region, in a device or the like of which extreme thinness is required, degradation of device characteristics and reliability due to contamination of metal impurities can be prevented, and stabilize and improve the device yield. The present invention inhibits degradation of device characteristics and reliability caused by contamination of metal impurities, in a device of which lamination of device chips is required or in a device of which extreme chip thinness for an IC card and the like is required, in an attempt to cope with an enlarged capacity of the device.

A magnetic disk 10 for use in perpendicular magnetic recording has at least a magnetic recording layer on a substrate 1. The magnetic recording layer is composed of a ferromagnetic layer 5 of a granular structure containing silicon (Si) or an oxide of silicon (Si) between crystal grains containing cobalt (Co), a stacked layer 7 having a first layer containing cobalt (Co) or a Co alloy and a second layer containing palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt), and a spacer layer 6 interposed between the ferromagnetic layer 5 and the stacked layer 7. After forming the ferromagnetic layer 5 on the substrate 1 by sputtering in an argon gas atmosphere, the stacked layer 7 is formed by sputtering in the argon gas atmosphere at a gas pressure lower than that used when forming the ferromagnetic layer 5.

An automatic lighting system and method for a vehicle are provided and the automatic lighting system includes a sun visor switch operated by a controller and configured to be turned on when a sun visor is lowered and turned off when the sun visor is raised. A mirror cover sensor detects an opened state or a closed state of a mirror cover while the sun visor is lowered, and the mirror cover covers a mirror attached to the sun visor. In addition, an interior lamp that includes at least one light-emitting diode (LED) is operated by the controller to be turned off when a vehicle runs and turned on when the vehicle stops while the mirror cover is opened.

An alkaline storage battery includes: [a] a shallow case having an opening and a bottom; [b] a sealing plate covering the opening of the case; [c] a first electrode adjacent to an inner face of the bottom of the case; [d] a second electrode adjacent to an inner face of the sealing plate; [e] a separator interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; [f] an alkaline electrolyte; and [g] at least one current collector plate selected from the group consisting of (g1) a conductive current collector plate joined to the inner face of the bottom of the case and forming a gas transfer path distributed two-dimensionally between the inner face of the bottom of the case and the first electrode and (g2) a conductive current collector plate joined to the inner face of the sealing plate and forming a gas transfer path distributed two-dimensionally between the inner face of the sealing plate and the second electrode.

A subject of the present invention is to prevent the reduction of rigidity caused by the increased length of a steam turbine rotor blade and the degradation of vibration characteristics. A steam turbine rotor blade according to the present invention comprises a profile and a cover integrally formed on and at an end of the profile, the leading edge of the cover formed on the profile and the trailing edge of a cover formed on an adjacent preceding profile being in contact and connected with each other by the torsional return force produced during rotation, and wherein the cover formed on the profile is provided with a radially-formed stepped portion at the trailing edge, the stepped portion having a height large than the thickness of the cover.

A semiconductor device formed by forming contact holes in the insulating film, that covers the source / drain of the MOSFET and the capacitor in the memory cell region, on the lower electrode of the capacitor by the same steps, then filling the plugs into contact holes, and then forming the contact hole on the upper electrode of the capacitor. Accordingly, there can be provided the semiconductor device having the ferroelectric capacitor, capable of simplifying respective wiring connection structures to the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the capacitor by suppressing the damage to the capacitor formed over the transistor.

A method is provided for controlling a urea injection amount of a vehicle that controls urea ejection in consideration of a difference between an internal temperature change rate and a regeneration temperature of an SCR integral diesel particulate filter. The method includes: detecting a reproduction temperature rising rate when in a regeneration mode; stopping, if a reproduction temperature rising rate exceeds a predetermined first reference, ejection of urea, and controlling, if a reproduction temperature rising rate is less than a predetermined first reference, urea ejection; controlling, if a temperature decreasing rate according to urea ejection is less than a predetermined second reference while reproducing the filter, correction of an injection amount of urea; and controlling, if a difference between a target regeneration temperature and an actual regeneration temperature exceeds a predetermined third reference according to urea ejection while reproducing the filter, correction of an injection amount of urea.

An imaging lens according to the disclosure includes a negative front group, a stop, and a positive rear group. The front group includes a negative first lens having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, a negative second lens having the meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and a positive third lens having a biconvex shape. The rear group includes a positive fourth lens, a negative fifth lens with a concave surface facing the image side, and a positive sixth lens.

A multilayer substrate includes therein wiring conductors, ground conductors, interlayer connection conductors, and a matching inductor. A control signal input terminal is provided on a second main surface of the multilayer substrate. Electrodes on which a high-frequency switch is mounted are electrically connected to the wiring conductors through the interlayer connection conductors. The control signal wiring conductor is located on a dielectric layer close to the second main surface of the multilayer substrate, and the high-frequency signal wiring conductor is located on a dielectric layer close to a first main surface of the multilayer substrate. The ground conductor, which is superposed with the control signal wiring conductor in plan view is separated from the matching device conduction ground conductor by a separation portion. With this structure, influence of harmonic noise due to input of high-frequency switch control signals is reduced and degradation of the communication characteristics is reduced.

A ferrite magnet device, a nonreciprocal circuit device, and a composite electronic component are provided. The ferrite magnet device includes a ferrite element having a plurality of central electrodes arranged to intersect one another in an electrically insulated state, and a pair of permanent magnets fixed to both main surfaces of the ferrite element so as to apply a direct current magnetic field to the ferrite element. The central electrodes are made of metal foils provided on both main surfaces of the ferrite element, with adhesive layers therebetween. Electrodes provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the ferrite element are formed by plating in through holes.

A laser light-source apparatus includes: fiber amplifiers and a solid state amplifier configured to amplify pulse light output from a seed light source based on gain switching; nonlinear optical elements configured to perform wavelength conversion on the pulse light output from the solid state amplifier; an optical switching element configured to permit or stop propagation of pulse light from the fiber amplifier to the solid state amplifier; and a control unit configured to control the optical switching element in such a manner that the propagation of the light is stopped in an output period of the pulse light from the seed light source, and permitted in a period other than the output period of the pulse light from the seed light source.

A method of manufacturing an edge reflection type surface acoustic wave device using a Shear Horizontal type surface acoustic wave includes the steps of making a first half cut defining a first end surface portions having a smooth surface, that is, opposing two end surfaces which function as reflection end surfaces, from the upper surface of a piezoelectric substrate after at least one of a plurality of IDTs has been formed on the upper surface of the piezoelectric substrate, making a second half cut for forming second end surface portions having a rough surface after making the first cut, and making a full cut for cutting the piezoelectric substrate so as to reach the lower surface of the piezoelectric substrate outside of the second end surface portions in the surface acoustic wave propagation direction.

A wireless communication system includes a plurality of transmission devices, each of which transmits signals resulting from precoding performed for a plurality of resources, and a reception device that receives at least one desired signal and a plurality of undesired signals, the number of which is greater than or equal to the degree of freedom that the plurality of resources have. The at least one desired signal and the plurality of undesired signals have been transmitted from the transmission devices. The plurality of resources is the unit of precoding. At least one of the plurality of transmission devices transmits signals on each of which precoding has been performed such that equivalent channel vectors of the plurality of undesired signals in the reception device are made to be orthogonal to a reception weight vector used in the reception device. The reception device estimates equivalent channel vectors of the plurality of undesired signals, calculates a reception weight vector by using the estimated equivalent channel vectors of the plurality of undesired signals, and extracts a desired signal by multiplying a reception signal received using the plurality of resources and the calculated reception weight vector together. The plurality of resources is the unit of precoding. As a result, in a system in which IA is used, the degradation of reception characteristics may be suppressed even under circumstances in which a CSI error occurs.

A ferrite magnet device, a nonreciprocal circuit device, and a composite electronic component are provided. The ferrite magnet device includes a ferrite element having a plurality of central electrodes arranged to intersect one another in an electrically insulated state, and a pair of permanent magnets fixed to both main surfaces of the ferrite element so as to apply a direct current magnetic field to the ferrite element. The central electrodes are made of metal foils provided on both main surfaces of the ferrite element, with adhesive layers therebetween. Electrodes provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the ferrite element are formed by plating in through holes.

A projection type video display for displaying a video by casting light that is emitted from a lamp (1) serving as a light source and modulated on the basis of a video signal, has lamp cooling means (3) for cooling the lamp 1. The video display comprises: detection means (lamp drive circuit 2) for detecting the startup status (lamp voltage information) of the lamp in a startup operation: and control means (microcomputer 4) for controlling the lamp cooling means (3) in accordance with the startup status detected by the detection means. This arrangement can shorten time required for the execution of the startup operation of the lamp.

A laser light-source apparatus includes a control unit configured to perform control in such a manner that a seed light source is driven in a pulse oscillation mode of oscillating pulse light based on gain switching in an output permitted state where output of pulse light from the apparatus is permitted, and is driven in a continuous oscillation mode of oscillating continuous light in an output stopped state in which the output of the pulse light from the apparatus is stopped, with power of excitation light for a solid state amplifier maintained, and adjusts power of laser light input to the solid state amplifier from the seed light source in the continuous oscillation mode in such a manner that the solid state amplifier outputs light with substantially same average power in the output stopped state and in the output permitted state.

The subject invention provides a method for producing essentially homogeneous asphalt compositions which are comprised of the asphalt, a block copolymer (such as a linear block copolymer or a radial block copolymer), and one or more additional desired additives. This method offers the advantage of being capable of attaining the essentially homogeneous asphalt composition in one pass procedure with a short residence time in the mixing equipment. This greatly reduces the thermal history to which heat sensitive asphalt additives, such as asphalt modification polymers, are exposed. It also simplifies the mixing procedure and can reduce the overall amount of energy required to attain the desired blend. In some case, it allows for the production on a commercial basis of asphalt compositions which would otherwise not be feasible, for instance the production of asphalt compositions which contain high levels of asphalt modifications polymers which are otherwise difficult to process.

The invention discloses a synthetic method and application of polyacrylic acid-packaged nano-tricobalt tetraoxide. The synthetic method comprises the following steps: dissolving cobalt nitrate into water, so as to form a 1M-10M solution; dissolving polyacrylic acid into water, so as to form a 0.05M-0.5M solution; mixing the two solutions, adding the mixed solution into ammonia water at a continuous stirring state so as to react; continuously stirring a mixture for 24 hours so as to change the color from wine red to deep brown, and centrifuging a product at a speed of 400rpm for 30 minutes, so as to remove big agglomerates and fragments; purifying supernate, and concentrating by virtue of a 30K ultrafiltration centrifugation tube; and finally, carrying out freeze drying on the obtained solution, so as to obtain light brown solid powder, namely polyacrylic acid-packaged nano-tricobalt tetraoxide. Compared with the prior art, the synthetic method has the advantages that polyacrylic acid-packaged nano-tricobalt tetraoxide is synthesized by virtue of a one-step method, the step is simple, the cost is relatively low, and particles size of the synthesized product is relatively small; and polyacrylic acid-packaged nano-tricobalt tetraoxide is applied to the degradation of organic dyes due to high catalytic activity.

A system of dusulfurizing an LNT may control desulfurization of the LNT provided in an apparatus of purifying exhaust gas, in which the LNT may be adapted to absorb nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas at a lean air / fuel ratio and to release the absorbed nitrogen oxide and reduce the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas or the released nitrogen oxide at a rich air / fuel ratio and the apparatus of purifying exhaust gas may further include a particulate filter trapping particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas as soot and regenerated by burning the trapped soot when a regeneration condition is satisfied, and a controller controlling desulfurization of the LNT and regeneration of the particulate filter.

A projection type video display for displaying a video by casting light that is emitted from a lamp (1) serving as a light source and modulated on the basis of a video signal, has lamp cooling means (3) for cooling the lamp 1. The video display comprises: detection means (lamp drive circuit 2) for detecting the startup status (lamp voltage information) of the lamp in a startup operation: and control means (microcomputer 4) for controlling the lamp cooling means (3) in accordance with the startup status detected by the detection means. This arrangement can shorten time required for the execution of the startup operation of the lamp.

The invention relates to an elastomer-bonded sheet material encompassing vulcanized elastomer content and content composed of at least one filler bonded therein, where the vulcanized elastomer content encompasses, based on the entire elastomer content, from about 25 to 70% by weight, preferably from about 40 to 60% by weight, of at least one vulcanized elastomer which in the unvulcanized state has not more than 10%, preferably not more than 7%, of unsaturated carbon double bonds in the main chain.

A method for producing an aqueous adhesive dispersion, wherein a dispersion is produced from a sheet silicate having an SiO2 fraction and a hydrophobic ethylene / polyvinyl alcohol copolymer as protective colloid, and, in the presence of this dispersion, vinyl esters and optionally comonomers are polymerized.