The invention relates to an HLA-RTI based GPS communication test system, which consists of hardware and software, wherein a communication interface of a master control terminal is connected with communication interfaces of a signal terminal and a receiver terminal through network respectively, and the communication interfaces of the signal terminal and the receiver terminal are connected with each other; and master control simulation software performs simulation control, manages the running of a whole simulation union, sends control instructions and finishes state interactions. A simulation control member is one of important members of the whole simulation system union, which manages the running of the whole simulation union, including the functions of creating the union, repealing the union, starting the simulation, suspending the simulation, continuing the simulation, displaying the simulation time and the like. The GPS communication test system has the advantages of scientific, reasonable and creative design, compact overall structure, low cost, simple and convenient installation, simple and intelligent operation, stable and reliable performance, strong practicability, and good development prospect.