The invention relates to an overall extraction method of effective components of mulberry leaves. The method comprises the steps that mulberry leaves serve as raw materials, ultrasonic alcohol extraction and water extraction are sequentially conducted to obtain alcohol extract, water extract and extracted filter residues, concentration, extraction and decoloration are conducted on the alcohol extract, enrichment and elution are conducted through anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin to obtain mulberry leaf flavone and DNJ, and saponification, copper substitution reaction and salifying are conducted on removed pigment to prepare chlorophyll sodium copper; alcohol precipitation is conducted after concentration is conducted on water extract, protein and polysaccharide are clarified and separated through a clarifying agent, spray drying is conducted on the polysaccharide to prepare mulberry leaf polysaccharide, the protein is added to conduct enzymatic hydrolysis, and micromolecule oligopeptide is prepared; ultrasonic alkali washing is conducted on extracted residues, soak degreasing is conducted on ethyl alcohol, and mulberry leaf dietary fibers are prepared; by means of the overall process, the mulberry leaves are completely dissolved in a one-station mode, six main products are prepared, the effective components in the mulberry leaves are fully utilized, and the additional value is increased; compared with single substance extract, the huge profit space and economic value exist, good business prospect is achieved, and the overall extraction method of the effective components of the mulberry leaves is suitable for large-scale industrial production.