The invention relates to the field of ventilation, and discloses a
fresh air ventilating device with a
self cleaning and dedusting function. The
fresh air ventilating device comprises an
execution unit, a detection unit, a controller and an air source unit, wherein the detection unit is used for converting the environment quantity related to
self cleaning and dedusting and the working state
physical quantity of a
system component into electric quantity and conditioning the electric quantity into an electric quantity
signal which is compatible with the controller for being transmitted to the controller; the
execution unit refers to execution components related to the
self cleaning and dedusting, a
driving circuit and a driving mechanism of the execution components, the
execution unit is mainly used for enabling all execution components to work cooperatively according to an operation result of a control strategy under the regulation action of the controller and realizing the self cleaning and dedusting function on a filter screen; the controller is a
microprocessor and has the main functions of collecting and
processing the environment quantity and the
system work state information of the detection unit at regular times, carrying out operation evaluation on a trend and a result of a dust accumulation process of the filter screen according to a dedusting strategy and outputting different dedusting control
modes to filter screen dust accumulation situations in different degrees or different types. The invention also discloses a self cleaning and dedusting method using the
fresh air ventilating device. The fresh air ventilating device and the self cleaning and dedusting method, disclosed by the invention, have the advantages that in-time and efficient dedusting can be carried out, and the
energy source is saved.