The invention discloses a method for detecting a weld defect of a stainless steel runner blade of a
water turbine, comprising the following steps of: 1, selecting an instrument; 2, calibrating the instrument; 3, drawing a rejection judging line for detection: (1) making a
reference block; and (2) testing the detected surface of the
reference block through a wedge block by using a probe of the instrument, recording the current
gain of the instrument and the height values of reflection wave amplitudes of through holes at different heights in the
reference block, drawing points according to the height values of the reflection wave amplitudes on a two-dimensional coordinate
system, and connecting the points into a smooth curve to draw the rejection judging line; 4, detecting the weld of the blade; and 5, recording the defect: displaying the height of an
echo signal according to the instrument and comparing the height of the
echo signal with the rejection judging line by taking the rejection judging line as a reference, making corresponding marks on the surface of the blade, and finally detecting whether the blade has a defect according to the marks on the surface of the blade. By using the method, the weld defect of the stainless steel runner blade can be reliably, conveniently and rapidly detected.