The invention relates to an optical fiber dispersion measuring apparatus, which comprises a broadband light source input port, an optical fiber coupler, a collimator, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a third reflecting mirror, a fourth reflecting mirror, a tenth reflecting mirror, a fifth reflecting mirror, a sixth reflecting mirror, a first optical fiber adapter, a second optical fiber adapter, a micro objective, an twelfth reflecting mirror, an electric translation platform, an electric translation platform control port and an interference light output port. The optical fiber coupler is arranged on the output end of the broadband light source input port; the collimator is arranged on the output end of the optical fiber coupler and is connected through an optical fiber; the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, the third reflecting mirror, the fourth reflecting mirror, the tenth reflecting mirror, the fifth reflecting mirror and the sixth reflecting mirror are arranged on the outlet end of the collimator in sequence along a light path; the first optical fiber adapter, the second optical fiber adapter, the micro objective and the twelfth reflecting mirror are arranged on the output end of the optical fiber coupler and are connected through optical fibers in sequence; the electric translation platform and the electric translation platform control port are respectively arranged on the lower ends of the third reflecting mirror and the fourth reflecting mirror; and the interference light output port is arranged on the output end of the optical fiber coupler after interference and is connected through an optical fiber. The invention solves the technical problems of the prior art such as low measurement precision and high measurement cost, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high detection efficiency and the like.