34results about How to "Reduce numerical aperture" patented technology

Optical devices for guiding illumination are provided each having a body of optical material with staircase or acutely angled ramp structures on its top surface for distributing light inputted from one end of the device from the front exit faces of such structures along certain angular orientations, while at least a substantial portion of the light is totally internally reflected within the body until distributed from such front exit faces. Optical devices are also provided each have a body of optical material having a bottom surface with acutely angled ramp structures and falling structures which alternate with each other, such that light is totally internally reflected within the device until reflected by such ramp structures along the bottom surface to exit the top surface of the device or transmitted through the ramp structures to an adjacent falling structure back into the device. Acutely angled ramp structures may be provided on both top and bottom surfaces of optical devices for distributing light along such top surface. Illumination apparatuses are also provided using such optical devices.

With a microscope device according to the invention, it is possible to acquire information on a deeper part of a living organism than that in the case of a conventional microscope device. The microscope device according to a first invention comprises an illumination optical system for irradiating an object with illumination rays in a line-like form, a detection optical system for receiving light rays generated by the illumination rays. The second invention relates to a microscope device wherein an objective lens of an illumination optical system, and an objective lens of a detection optical system are at respective positions. The third invention relates to a microscope device wherein a separation filter is structured such that a laser beam can pass through only a part (a region) thereof. The fourth invention relates to a microscope device wherein illumination rays having coherence are separated into two portions.

Image display device having an electrode forming layer which includes a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of drain lines, a plurality of switching elements and the a plurality of pixel electrodes, and having reference electrode layer between the electrode forming layer and a substrate where the electrode forming layer formed thereon, and the reference electrode layer and the electrode forming layer are insulated by insulating layer.

The invention relates to light sources with laser pumping and to methods for generating radiation with a high luminance in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible spectral ranges. The technical result of the invention includes extending the functional possibilities of a light source with laser pumping by virtue of increasing the luminance, increasing the coefficient of absorption of the laser radiation by a plasma, and significantly reducing the numerical aperture of a divergent laser beam which is to be occluded and which is passing through the plasma. The device comprises a chamber containing a gas, a laser producing a laser beam, an optical element, a region of radiating plasma produced in the chamber by the focused laser beam, an occluder, which is mounted on the axis of the divergent laser beam on the second side of the chamber, and an optical system for collecting plasma radiation.

The invention provides a large-mode-area active optical fiber, which comprises a fiber core, a first cladding, a second cladding and a third cladding, wherein the first cladding, the second cladding and the third cladding sequentially encircle the periphery of the fiber core; the effective refractive index of the second cladding is lower than the effective refractive indexes of the first claddingand the fiber core; a pump core area encircles the outer side of the third cladding; an external cladding encircles the outer side of the pump core area and comprises a layer of air vent holes or capillary bars doped with quartz glass; and the effective refractive index of the external cladding is lower than that of the pump core area. On the premise of ensuring a large mode area of the active optical fiber, the optical fiber suppresses amplified spontaneous radiation, improves the stability of the optical fiber, and ensures the quality of light beam. The invention also provides a preparationmethod of the active optical fiber. By adopting a liquid phase multi-point doping mode of gas-phase aluminum doping and rare-earth ions, continuous doping for many times can be flexibly controlled and realized, the size of a rare-earth doped core bar is greatly increased, and uniform doping of the rare-earth ions and aluminum is simultaneously realized.

A device and method for detecting wave aberration of a large numerical aperture objective lens, belonging to the field of optical detection, in order to overcome the difficulty of requiring a large numerical aperture high-precision collimator lens in the wavefront detection of a large numerical aperture objective lens, and at the same time improve light energy utilization and detection accuracy , the multimode fiber is located on the object surface of the illumination microscope objective, the diffuser is placed on the illumination microscope mirror plane, the laser light source passes through the multimode optical fiber, the illumination microscope objective and the diffuser in turn to generate ideal spherical waves; The object image plane of the numerical aperture objective lens is placed upside down, placed along the optical axis at the working distance from the image side of the diffuser, the collimator is placed along the optical axis, and its front focal plane coincides with the working object plane of the large numerical aperture objective lens; the microlens The position of the array is conjugate to the exit pupil of the large numerical aperture objective lens relative to the collimator, and the light intensity sensor is placed at the focal plane of the microlens array; when calibrating the systematic error, the spatial filter is placed at the front focal plane of the collimator.

The invention discloses a thermotropic ultra-large mode field fiber, and aims to solve the problem of reduced and limited numerical value and aperture of a fiber core and big manufacturing difficulty. The thermotropic ultra-large mode field fiber is composed of the fiber core and a coating layer; the refractive index of the fiber core material is increased along with the temperature increase, and the fiber core includes an inner fiber core and an outer fiber core, and the inner fiber core is located at the center of the outer fiber core, the refractive index of the inner fiber core is less than or equal to the refractive index of the outer fiber core; a gain medium is mixed in the inner fiber core, and the outer fiber core excludes gain medium; the diameter of the inner fiber core is more than or equal to 20 microns, the ratio between the diameter of the inner fiber core and the diameter of the outer fiber core is less than or equal to 50%; the coating layer excludes the gain medium, and includes an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer; the outer coating layer coats the inner coating layer, and the inner coating layer coats the outer fiber core; the refractive index of the inner coating layer is less than that of the outer fiber core; the refractive index of the outer coating layer is less than the refractive index of the inner coating layer. The numerical value and aperture of the inner fiber core are further reduced, the manufacturing difficulty is lowered, and the light filtering pressure of the coating layer is released.

The invention provides a three-wrapping-layer thulium-doped optical fiber and a preparation method thereof. The three-wrapping-layer thulium-doped optical fiber comprises a fiber core, an inner wrapping layer, an outer wrapping layer and a resin layer. The fiber core comprises silicon dioxide, thulium oxide, aluminum oxide and phosphorus pentoxide, wherein the molar content of the thulium oxide is 0.2-0.8%, the molar content of the phosphorus pentoxide is 0.5-1.0%, and the molar ratio of the aluminum oxide to the thulium oxide is larger than or equal to 8; the diameter d1 of the fiber core ranges from 10 microns to 30 microns. The surface of the fiber core is sleeved with the inner wrapping layer. The inner wrapping layer comprises doping agents and silicon dioxide. The diameter of the inner wrapping layer is d2 which meet the relational expression: 2.5d1<=d2<=4d1. The surface of the inner wrapping layer is sleeved with the outer wrapping layer. The outer wrapping layer comprises silicon dioxide. The surface of the outer wrapping layer is sleeved with the resin layer. According to the three-wrapping-layer thulium-doped optical fiber, the numerical aperture of the fiber core is reduced by controlling the components in the inner wrapping layer, the content of the components in the fiber core, the diameter of the fiber core and the diameter of the inner wrapping layer, and the slope efficiency and the beam quality of output lasers are improved.