The invention relates to the field of aircraft ground simulation, and provides a space non-cooperative target capture and control and assembly control test device and method, and the device comprises a simulation upper computer, a visual positioning system, a tracking star simulation system, and a target star simulation system. Wherein the simulation upper computer is used for sending a control instruction to the tracking star simulation system and/or the target star simulation system; the visual positioning system is used for acquiring pose information of the tracking star simulation system and/or the target star simulation system and feeding back the information to the tracking star simulation system and/or the target star simulation system; the tracking star simulation system is used for receiving a control instruction of the simulation upper computer, capturing the target star simulation system and measuring and calculating disturbance characteristics in the capturing process. The spatial non-cooperative target capture, control and assembly control test device is established, disturbance characteristics in the capture process can be calculated, assembly control can be achieved, problems in scheme design can be found, and algorithm performance can be analyzed and verified.