The invention discloses a hydraulic packer and a mounting method of the hydraulic packer. The hydraulic packer and the mounting method of the hydraulic packer are used for downhole oil production by layer and the like. The hydraulic packer comprises a releasing mechanism, a rubber barrel sealing mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a setting mechanism and the like. The anchoring mechanism comprises an upper cone, a lower cone, a slip, a reset spring and a slip cage, the upper end of a T-shaped sleeve of the lower cone is connected with a conical head, the T-shaped sleeve is sleeved with a compression sleeve, matched steps are arranged between the compression sleeve and the T-shaped sleeve, the compression sleeve can axially slide along the outer side of the T-shaped sleeve, and an expansion spring is arranged between the compression sleeve and the conical head and on the outer periphery of the T-shaped sleeve. The releasing mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the hydraulic packer and comprises an upper connector, a releasing sleeve, a fishing barrel, a releasing piston, a ball seat, a ball and the like. After setting of the packer is completed, releasing can be achieved by throwing the ball and can be achieved by rotating a pipe column in the forward direction. Due to the fact that the expansion spring is arranged on the lower cone, the conical head can reliably expand the slip due to the thrust of the expansion spring. Meanwhile, due to the design of the releasing mechanism, the problem that the lower tensile force borne by the packer is insufficient is solved.