The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating acute gouty arthritis and a preparation method and application thereof; the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made from, by weight, 15-25 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis, 10-20 parts of Cortex Phellodendri, 15-25 parts of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, 25-35 parts of Semen Coicis, 25-35 parts of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, 15-25 parts of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Colletii, 5-15 parts of Lumbricus, 5-15 parts of Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga, 25-35 parts of Radix Clematidis, 10-20 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 10-20 parts of Herba Lycopi, 10-20 parts of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 5-15 parts of Semen Persicae, 10-20 parts of Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, 15-25 parts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 15-25 parts of Herba Plantaginis, 10-20 parts of Fructus Forsythiae, 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Acori Graminei, 15-25 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, and 15-25 parts of Poria, 25-35 parts of Rhizoma Corydalis, and 4-10 parts of Scorpio. Scientific compatibility is made based on traditional syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine in conjunction with clinical practice, optimal doses of Chinese herbs are determined by repeated experiments, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is significantly effective in treating acute gouty arthritis.