The invention relates to the technical field of single-molecule devices and sensors, in particular to a
graphene single-molecule sensing device based on
pillararene as well as a preparation method and application of the
graphene single-molecule sensing device. The sensor comprises a
pillararene molecule, the functional molecule is covalently connected between a
graphene electrode pair through
nucleophilic substitution reaction or
amide condensation reaction under an alkaline condition, and the stability and the conductive reliability of a molecule-
electrode interface are enhanced. According to the present invention, the column
aromatic hydrocarbon molecules can selectively perform inclusion on the perfluorocarboxylic acid, and the combination of different types of perfluorocarboxylic acids and the column
aromatic hydrocarbon molecules can show the difference characteristic of the conductive state so as to achieve the distinguishing of different perfluorocarboxylic acids, such that the method is hopeful to be used in the detection of perfluorocarboxylic acid. Meanwhile, perfluorocarboxylic acid can be effectively desorbed through
methanol treatment, and an I-V
signal is recovered to an initial state, so that the device has
reusability. The preparation method provided by the invention is stable in process, high in
repeatability and beneficial to large-scale production.