34 results about "Plasmatron" patented technology

The present invention relates to a plasmatron structure for heating working gas in a DC arc discharge at the atmospheric or lowered pressures and can be used for different electronic, engineering, or vehicle-building industries and for medicine. An object of the invention is to provide improved effectiveness of process gas activation and increased completeness of plasma-chemical reactions. These objects are achieved in a DC arc plasmatron comprising a rod cathode, a nozzle anode having a body member and a through axial orifice, a power supply unit connected to both electrodes, and a gas system for feeding plasma-forming gas into inter-electrode space and supplying suitably selected technologic gas or gas mixture into the anode orifice through an internal opening communicating with said orifice and positioned between its inlet and outlet parts. In the plasmatron according to the invention, said opening is configured as a continuous circular axial gap between said parts of said anode orifice, while the size of said gap can be smaller or larger than the diameter of the inlet part of said anode orifice and the diameter of the outlet part of said anode orifice can also be smaller or larger than the inlet part of said anode orifice. In addition the inventive plasmatron can be successfully applied in vacuum conditions to extend lifetime of the activated process gas and to provide the clean treatment procedure.

A novel apparatus and method is disclosed for a plasmatron fuel converter (“plasmatron”) that efficiently uses electrical energy to produce hydrogen rich gas. The volume and shape of the plasma discharge is controlled by a fluid flow established in a plasma discharge volume. A plasmatron according to this invention produces a substantially large effective plasma discharge volume allowing for substantially greater volumetric efficiency in the initiation of chemical reactions within a volume of bulk fluid reactant flowing through the plasmatron.

The present invention concerns a DC arc plasmatron which is a plasma generator at the atmospheric pressure having a structure suitable for improving chemical activity of plasma.The DC arc plasmatron according to the invention comprises a rod cathode 110 connected to a DC power supply 1000, and formed to be positioned close to a nozzle to be a negative; a nozzle anode 120 formed on the nozzle to be a positive, being an opening to inject plasma into a functional gap 150 and having an anode inlet 122, wherein the plasma is created by gas discharge for forming the plasma between the cathode and the anode; a functional anode gap formed on the nozzle to be a positive so that either a function gas or a gas mixture is supplied on some part of the passage of the anode to make it react with the plasma forming gas through the nozzle inlet; and a gas supply unit for supplying a plasma forming gas flowing through the nozzle anode from the side of the rod cathode.The anode comprises an anode inlet 122 as an inlet of the functional gap 150; an anode outlet 125 as an outlet of the functional gap 150; the functional gap 150 formed as a disk shaped space 300 communicating with a part of the passage between the anode inlet 122 and the anode outlet 125; a gas collecting chamber 500 formed with a chamber member communicating with the disk shaped space 300; and a functional process gas conduit 600 communicating with the gas collecting chamber 500 and formed so that either the functional gas or a gas mixture can be supplied.The functional gap 150 is formed to have a height G to be 0.3A to 3A with respect to the diameter A of the anode inlet 122. The anode outlet 125 is formed to have a diameter D to be 0.3A to 3A with respect to the diameter A of the anode inlet 122. A method of using the plasmatron according to the invention comprises the steps of: a first step of selecting a proper functional gas, supplying it to the functional process gas conduit 600 and thereafter supplying a plasma forming gas in the space around the rod cathode 110 and the anode 120; a second step of supplying cold water and operating the DC power supply 1000 connected to the plasmatron; a third step of initiating arc discharge by applying high voltage across the rod cathode 110 and the anode 122, and activating the plasma forming gas and the functional gas by interaction therebetween while the plasma forming gas is excited and heated; and a fourth step of, after fixing a process variable to a proper level, discharging the gas in the arc discharge area through the anode outlet 125 of the plasmatron to reach a appropriate vacuum pressure while keeping the process variable at an appropriate level.Chemical activity of plasma jets formed by means of the plasmatron and the method according to the invention is improved and the completion level in the chemical process of plasma by the functional gas is improved.

A novel apparatus and method is disclosed for a plasmatron fuel converter (“plasmatron”) that efficiently uses electrical energy to produce hydrogen rich gas. The volume and shape of the plasma discharge is controlled by a fluid flow established in a plasma discharge volume. A plasmatron according to this invention produces a substantially large effective plasma discharge volume allowing for substantially greater volumetric efficiency in the initiation of chemical reactions within a volume of bulk fluid reactant flowing through the plasmatron.

The invention relates to a cathode life monitoring method and device for a plasmatron, wherein, the method includes the following steps: related information of the electric current passing through a plasmatron cathode is obtained; according to the electric current, the consumption rate of the cathode is determined; moreover, according to the consumption rate, the residual life of the cathode is calculated. According to the invention, the residual life of the cathode can be predicted; therefore, the plasmatron cathode can be replaced in time.

A method and apparatus for a multistage plasmatron fuel reformer system having a wide dynamic operational range. In one aspect, the system includes a plasmatron configured for low flow operation followed by a reaction extension cylinder and then by a nozzle section capable of providing additional air and / or fuel inputs. The nozzle section is then followed by another reaction extension region. When high flow rate of the system is needed, the low fuel flow rate provided by the plasmatron followed by the first reaction extension region provides the high temperature used to effectively initiate the partial oxidation reaction in the next section. The initiation of this reaction may also be facilitated by the presence of hydrogen.

The invention relates to a plasmatron for heating a gas, more specifically air, located in a heating space, comprising a nozzle, said nozzle comprising a nozzle wall and a nozzle opening located in said nozzle wall, whereby a ratio of a maximum diameter of a cross- section of said nozzle opening with respect to a first length of said nozzle opening is higher than 2. Furthermore, the invention relates to a heating device comprising a heating space and such a plasmatron, wherein said plasmatron is arranged for heating a gas, more specifically air, which gas is located in said heating space. In addition the invention relates to such a heating device, wherein said plasmatron comprises a cathode, a space located between the cathode and said nozzle wall, and a channel for guiding water or a water- containing liquid in the direction of the space, and said heating device further comprises connection means for connecting said plasmatron to a water supply system.

A plasmatron-catalyst system. The system generates hydrogen-rich gas and comprises a plasmatron and at least one catalyst for receiving an output from the plasmatron to produce hydrogen-rich gas. In a preferred embodiment, the plasmatron receives as an input air, fuel and water / steam for use in the reforming process. The system increases the hydrogen yield and decreases the amount of carbon monoxide.

The invention belongs to microwave plasma torches, and particularly relates to a handheld medical low-power microwave plasma torch with an enhanced medium nozzle. The coaxial cable is of a coaxial structure and comprises a metal outer conductor, and a metal inner conductor is coaxially arranged in the metal outer conductor in a sleeved mode. The plasma tube is sequentially divided into a first coaxial section, a second coaxial section and a third coaxial section in the plasma spraying direction. A medium nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the metal outer conductor of the third coaxial section and is not in contact with the metal inner conductor. Due to the fact that the medium nozzle is added in the plasma tube, the electric field intensity at the top end of the electrode is enhanced by combining reflection formed by microwaves on the inner wall of the medium nozzle and an air flow layer interface, and therefore, plasma is excited under watt-level power. Compared with the prior art, the excitation of the plasma jet at low power is realized, and the device has the advantages of high efficiency, strong stability and the like.

A reactor for reforming a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, and associated processes and systems, are described herein. In one example, a two stage process is disclosed in which a first reactor is coupled to a second stage reactor having a reaction volume greater than the first reactor. In the first reactor, the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is partially reformed and thereafter is inputted into the second stage reactor for complete partial oxidation. The reaction product is at last partially synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, as well as other low hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, ethane, and acetylene. The low hydrocarbons can be reformed further in a solid oxide fuel cell. A portion of the gaseous, rotating contents of the second stage reactor may be input into the first reactor to help generate and sustain rotation within the first reactor.

The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing arc plasmatron electrode ablation. The arc plasmatron mainly comprises a cathode, an anode, an insulation member and an outer sleeve. Mechanical knurling, wire drawing, sand blasting and shot blasting for a surface of an arc plasmatron electrode are carried out, the electrode surface appearance, a stress status and the microscopic organization and the crystal phase structure are changed, so the energy state of the surface of the electrode is changed, the attachment reaction energy of arcs attached to the surface of the electrode is influenced, or micro attachment points are scattered, and thereby electrode ablation of the arc plasmatron can be reduced.

The invention discloses an air purification device integrating an LED panel lamp, which includes a frame, an LED panel lamp, an air duct, a fan, a plasma tube, a PM2.5 signal sensor, a switching power supply and a control circuit. The automatic current tracking and adjusting circuit converts the working current of the plasma circuit into a voltage, which is collected and amplified and then sent to the power supply system of the plasma circuit to increase the working current and voltage of the plasma circuit, suppress the attenuation of the number of plasma, and prolong the life of the plasma. The working life of the tube greatly improves the effect of air purification. It has the advantages of simple structure, easy replacement of filter screen and plasma tube, and long service life.

The invention relates to an electronic device and a circuit module thereof. The circuit module is electrically connected with a circuit substrate unit, the circuit substrate unit comprises a power output end, the circuit module comprises a substrate, a step-up circuit and a plasmatron, the substrate is provided with at least one through hole, and the substrate is used for connection with the circuit substrate unit in a direction opposite to the thickness side; the step-up circuit, which is arranged on the substrate, comprises at least one conductive circuit and a plurality of electronic elements electrically connected with the conductive circuit, the conductive circuit comprises a power input end capable of electrically connecting with the power output end and two power output ends, and the electronic elements are inserted in the through holes; the two opposite ends of the plasmatron are provided with electrodes which are electrically connected with the power output ends. The electronic device comprises the circuit module and the circuit substrate unit electrically connected with the circuit module, and the circuit substrate unit is connected with the substrate of the circuit module in a direction opposite to the thickness side. When plugged in a mainboard, the electronic device does not easily occupies a space, so that more electronic devices can be plugged in the mainboard.

The invention discloses a double-layer plasmatron and application thereof. The plasmatron comprises an internal ablation layer, the two ends of the internal ablation layer are connected with anode andcathode plugs respectively, the internal ablation layer is sleeved by an external ablation layer, a discharging gap is arranged between the external ablation layer and the internal ablation layer, and groove holes communicated with the discharging gap are arranged in the radial direction of the external ablation layer. According to the double-layer plasmatron and application thereof, the plasma ablation wall is large, the internal pressure of an ablation space is controllable, the generated plasma quantity is large, the plasmatron can be directly used for powder ignition, and the problems inuniformity, consistency and controllability in the plasma ignition propellant process can be solved.