The invention discloses a traffic billboard identification method based on an attention mechanism, which is applied to electronic equipment and comprises the following steps of: inputting an originalimage, and enabling the size of the original image and the gray value range of each pixel point to be in a range of 0-255; performing normalization on the original image, and converting each image into a third-order tensor form: [high, width, cannels]; constructing an attention mechanism, and learning the part, needing to be processed, of the original image; constructing a Faster RCNN multilayer neural network, and extracting and processing features of the image; according to a processing result, delineating a surrounding box of the advertising board. The multi-layer neural network is adopted,the attention mechanism is combined, the recognition score is increased nearby the two sides of the highway, the recognition score is reduced for the part away from the road surface, and therefore the recognition accuracy is improved, and the method has wide application prospects in the fields of image classification and target recognition.