The invention provides a method for improving a heavy haul railway subgrade by the use of fiber-reinforced stabilized soil. According to the method, monofilament bunched fiber and a soil stabilizer are doped in heavy haul railway subgrade soil, wherein dosage of the monofilament bunched fiber is 0.05-0.5% of the weight of dry soil, length of the fiber is 3-54 mm, dosage of the soil stabilizer is 3-7% of the weight of dry soil, and a formula of the soil stabilizer contains, by weight, 30-42% of aluminosilicate, 18-24% of ferrous aluminate, 10-16% of sulfate, 10-16% of sulfite, 16-20% of sulfoaluminate, 4-8% of chloride and 3-6% of oxide; and jet machining molding, spraying, piling and filling, rolling forming and maintenance are carried out successively. The fiber-reinforced stabilized soil has good three-dimensional engineering characteristic, water stability, resistance to deformation, shearing resistance, tensile strength, crack resistance, local deformation improvement and other engineering characteristics, and can be used in subgrade constructions for railway, road and the like.