The invention discloses a steel rail tread sander, relates to a steel rail maintaining device and aims to solve the problem of engine stalling when a sanding wheel rotates in the width direction of asteel rail. According to the technical scheme, the steel rail tread sander is characterized by comprising a rack, a grinding part adjusting mechanism, a grinding part and an engine connected with a grinding part to drive the grinding part to rotate, the grinding part adjusting mechanism is arranged on the rack, the grinding part and the engine are arranged on the grinding part adjusting mechanism,a supporting frame is arranged above the rack, an oil tank is arranged on the supporting frame and comprises an oil outlet, the engine comprises an oil inlet, a flexible oil supply pipe is connectedbetween the oil outlet and oil inlet, and the oil outlet is higher than the oil inlet. The oil tank is always located above the rack, and the oil outlet of the oil tank is higher than the oil inlet. Oil in the oil tank constantly flows into the engine, and the effect of effectively avoiding an engine stalling phenomenon is achieved.