The invention provides an oil pumping unit of which a sucker rod is directly driven by a linear motor. The oil pumping unit comprises a rack, a linear motor driving device, a single-stage or multi-stage telescopic machine or a gas spring energy storage device, a linear motor rotor, a sucker rod connector and the like, wherein the linear motor driving device, the single-stage or multi-stage telescopic machine or the gas spring energy storage device, the linear motor rotor, the sucker rod connector and the like are arranged on the rack. The oil pumping unit cancels the connection of elastic pieces or radial components such as hair braids, steel wire ropes and belts for an original oil pumping unit, adopts a direct balance mode, and thus cancels the reversing device (head sheave) of an existing non-beam oil pumping unit, so that the efficiency of the oil pumping unit is further improved, the height and weight of the oil pumping unit are reduced, and the service life, reliability and safety of the oil pumping unit are improved.